Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40336928›Full record

ArticleNeurology. Clinical practice2025

Biomarker-Driven Diagnosis in Neurocognitive Disorders: A Clinician's Perspective on the Risks of Reductionism.

Verónica Alheia Cabreira, Jeremy D Isaacs

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Neurology. Clinical practice, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Verónica Alheia CabreiraCentre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
Jeremy D IsaacsNeurology Department, St George's Hospital, London, United Kingdom; and.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The recently published Alzheimer's Association Workgroup diagnostic criteria for Alzheimer disease and consensus-based workflows for the use of diagnostic biomarkers in neurocognitive disorders promote further normalization of purely biological approaches to neurocognitive disorders. In this commentary, we reflect on the dangers of biological reductionist positions lacking solid scientific evidence and proven cost-effectiveness benefits, in particular its inability to offer a meaningful formulation for the large number of people with functional cognitive disorders. This, alongside the current lack of standardization, limited accuracy, and environmental consequences, means that the normalization of biomarkers as standard-of-care tests in all neurocognitive presentations does not represent responsible innovation. We emphasize the need for pluralism when considering technological developments, such that clinical judgment and biopsychosocial formulation continue to be accepted as a sound foundation for cognitive assessment.

Identifiers

PMID40336928
PMCPMC12054741

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.