Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40336393›Full record

ArticleAnnals of laboratory medicine2025

Increase in Sapovirus Infection in Korea After the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Six-and-a-half-year Retrospective Study.

Su-Kyung Lee, You La Jeon, Eun-Jung Cho, Han-Sung Kim, Jae-Seok Kim, Wonkeun Song, Hyun Soo Kim

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Annals of laboratory medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Su-Kyung LeeDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Hwaseong, Korea.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2536-413X
You La JeonLaboratory Medicine, Green Cross Laboratories, Youngin, Korea.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0816-2966
Eun-Jung ChoDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Hwaseong, Korea.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1907-9639
Han-Sung KimDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5481-5390
Jae-Seok KimDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6025-0341
Wonkeun SongDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5056-9033
Hyun Soo KimDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Hwaseong, Korea.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7026-6715

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Sapovirus is an increasingly recognized cause of acute gastroenteritis (AGE). Despite its significance, data on sapovirus epidemiology and genetic diversity in Korea are limited. Therefore, we examined sapovirus positivity rates over a 6.5-yr period and analyzed the genetic diversity of strains detected in 2022 in Korea. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 204,563 sapovirus multiplex PCR test results from suspected AGE cases collected between 2017 and 2023 at two institutions. Monthly and age-specific positive rates were evaluated. Forty sapovirus-positive samples from 2022 were genotyped using reverse transcription PCR and sequencing. The sequences were compared with those in the National Center for Biotechnology Information Virus database, and a phylogenetic tree was constructed to assess genetic relationships among sapovirus strains. Results: The overall sapovirus positivity rate from 2017 to 2023 was 2.2%, with an increasing trend in summer and autumn, except during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in 2020 and 2021, when sapovirus was rarely detected. Positivity markedly increased in the summer and autumn of 2022 and 2023 following the COVID-19 pandemic. The predominant genotypes in 2022 were GI.1 and GII.3. Phylogenetic analysis revealed genetic diversity among circulating strains. Conclusions: This study highlights the rising incidence of sapovirus in Korea, particularly after the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite focusing on genotyping data from a single year, these findings emphasize the need for ongoing surveillance to monitor sapovirus evolution and its public health impact. Additionally, our findings provide essential baseline data for future research into the epidemiology and genetics of sapovirus.

Indexed as

Caliciviridae InfectionsCOVID-19SapovirusAdolescentAdultAgedChildChild, PreschoolFemaleGastroenteritisGenetic VariationGenotypeHumansInfantMaleMiddle AgedRNA, ViralEpidemiologyGenotypeKoreaPCRSapovirus

Identifiers

PMID40336393
PMCPMC12187490

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.