SynthesisJournal of orthopaedic surgery and research2025
Role of remote ischaemic conditioning in fracture healing and orthopaedic surgery-a systematic review and narrative synthesis.
Synthesis in Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Clinical application of robot-assisted fixation for calcaneal fractures: a meta-analysis with subgroup comparisons.Journal of robotic surgery · 2026Pooled it
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionRemote ischaemic conditioning (RIC) involves the use of controlled and transient ischemia and reperfusion cycles, commonly of the upper or lower limb, to mitigate cellular damage from ischaemic events. Studies have demonstrated that RIC may have anti-inflammatory and cardiovascular protective effects and thus could represent a novel therapeutic strategy to improve outcomes following orthopaedic surgery. This review aimed to comprehensively describe the current pre-clinical and clinical evidence for RIC in orthopaedics.
methodsMEDLINE and EMBASE via OVID (1966-March 2024) were searched using a systematic search strategy for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effects of RIC on fracture, bone healing, and orthopaedics. Both pre-clinical and clinical RCTs were included.
resultsThree pre-clinical RCTs (comprising of 198 rats in models of experimental fracture) met the inclusion criteria. These showed that RIC was associated with enhanced callus formation (volume and biomechanical strength) post-fracture, reduced oxidative stress and upregulated osteoblastic activity. Sixteen clinical RCTs, involving 628 patients, investigated RIC in 6 different elective orthopaedic procedures (knee, lower limb, cervical, shoulder, general, hip fracture). RIC protocols varied in cycle frequency, duration, and pressure, but all were given as a single dose at induction of anaesthesia. Significant results included reductions in oxidative stress, improved cerebral and peripheral oxygenation, and reduced pain scores and analgesia use. Only 1 study (n = 648) evaluated RIC in acute hip fracture and demonstrated an early cardioprotective effect.
conclusionThe potential therapeutic effects of RIC in orthopaedic surgery is supported by preliminary evidence from pre-clinical and clinical studies. Trials to date are largely small but warrant investigation in well-powered multicentre RCTs. There are still many unanswered questions about the optimal RIC parameters (cuff pressure, frequency and duration) in orthopaedic surgery and determining which patients may benefit most from this therapy.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.