ArticleBMC pulmonary medicine2025
Comprehensive characterization of PD-L1 expression and immunotherapy-related genomic biomarkers in early- versus advanced-stage non-small cell lung cancer.
Article in BMC pulmonary medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- COG8 serves as a predictive and prognostic biomarker in lung adenocarcinoma and other human malignancies.Discover oncology · 2026Article
- Social Network Clustering Analysis for Detection of Associated Genetic Co-Mutations in Patients with Actionable Driver Mutations in NSCLC.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Immunotherapy resistance in non-small cell lung cancer: from mechanisms to therapeutic opportunities.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2025Review
- Mechanisms of immunotherapy in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in the tumor microenvironment.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Smart nanoplatforms for early detection and immune modulation in lung cancer.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundProgrammed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression is a key biomarker for predicting the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). With the successful application of perioperative immunotherapy, understanding PD-L1-associated clinical and molecular characteristics in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients is essential.
methodsWe analyzed 3185 NSCLC patients undergoing targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) and PD-L1 immunohistochemistry (IHC). Associations between PD-L1 expression and molecular profiles were compared across early- (I-III) and advanced-stage (IV) cohorts.
resultsIn early-stage NSCLC (n = 974), high PD-L1 expression was less common than in advanced-stage patients (lung adenocarcinoma [LUAD]: 7.52% vs. 15.98%, p < 0.001; lung squamous cell carcinoma [LUSC]: 18.33% vs. 20.84%, p = 0.058). For LUAD, high PD-L1 expression was more frequent in older patients, males and smokers. Additionally, LUSC overall showed a higher rate of high PD-L1 expression than LUAD. In LUAD, early-stage patients had a lower proportion of tumor mutation burden-high (TMB-H) compared to advanced-stage patients (p < 0.001), but no significant difference was observed in LUSC (p = 0.597). Early-stage patients also had a lower proportion of immunotherapy resistance genes than advanced-stage (LUAD: 31.15% vs. 48.50%, p = 0.014; LUSC: 13.64% vs. 45.24%, p = 0.0067). Moreover, among LUAD patients with high PD-L1 expression and all LUSC patients, early-stage patients exhibited more significantly different genetic features compared to advanced-stage patients.
conclusionsThis study provides a comprehensive analysis of immunotherapy-related biomarker rates in early-stage NSCLC patients, offering insights for perioperative immunotherapy research and biomarker analysis.
trial registrationNot applicable.
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