Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40336017›Full record

ArticleJournal of translational medicine2025

Comparison of rhythm and rate control medications for new-onset atrial fibrillation in septic patients: MIMIC-IV database analysis.

Cuilian Weng, Jian Lin, Qinghua Liu, Chang-Hong Zou, Mingyu Zheng, Tingting Jiang, Linqian Jiang, Xiao-Feng Zhuang, Hangwei Feng

Abstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of translational medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Clinical subtypes and prognosis of new-onset atrial fibrillation in critically ill patients.International journal of cardiology. Cardiovascular risk and prevention · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Cuilian Weng *Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou University Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Fujian Provincial Hospital South Branch, No. 516, Jinrong South, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China.
Jian Lin *Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou University Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Fujian Provincial Hospital South Branch, No. 516, Jinrong South, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China.
Qinghua Liu *Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China.
Chang-Hong ZouHeart Failure Care Unit, Heart Failure Center, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China.
Mingyu ZhengThe School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
Tingting JiangDepartment of Pharmacy, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou University Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Fujian Provincial South Branch, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China.
Linqian JiangDepartment of Intensive Care Unit, The Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou University Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Fujian Provincial Hospital South Branch, No. 516, Jinrong South, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China.
Xiao-Feng Zhuang *Heart Failure Care Unit, Heart Failure Center, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China. doctorwheat@aliyun.com.
Hangwei Feng *Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou University Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Fujian Provincial Hospital South Branch, No. 516, Jinrong South, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China. fenghangwei@sina.cn.

Funding

Fujian Provincial Health Technology Project 2023GGA003Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province 2020J011095Sailing Fund of Fujian Medical University 2022QH1309
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe optimal management strategy for new-onset atrial fibrillation (NOAF) in patients with sepsis remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate and compare the associations of rhythm control medications versus rate control medications with mortality outcomes in septic patients with NOAF.

methodsThis propensity score-matched cohort study utilized data from the Medical Information Mart in Intensive Care-IV database. Adult septic patients with NOAF were categorized into two groups based on initial medications (rhythm or rate control). The primary outcome was 28-day mortality, with secondary outcomes including intensive care unit(ICU),1-year mortality.

resultsA total of 586 patients were included in the prematched cohort, with 277 patients remaining after propensity score matching. In the matched cohort, the primary outcome of 28-day mortality rate was 49.7% (85/171) in the rate control group and 46.2% (49/106) in the rhythm control group, with no significant difference between the groups (HR 0.97; 95% CI 0.68-1.37,P = 0.849). Secondary outcomes showed that rhythm control medications were not associated with increased ICU mortality (HR 1.03, 95% CI 0.60-1.78, P = 0.906) or 1-year mortality (HR 0.84, 95% CI 0.61-1.16, P = 0.299).However, the rhythm control group had higher successful cardioversion rates compared to the rate control group at 6 h (68.9% vs. 49.1%, P = 0.001), 12 h (71.1% vs. 52.4%, P = 0.002), and 24 h (72.7% vs. 53.2%, P = 0.002).

conclusionsIn septic patients with NOAF, rhythm control and rate control medications showed no difference in 28-day, ICU, or 1-year mortality.However, rhythm control may provide transient hemodynamic stabilization through rapid cardioversion, potentially beneficial during acute critical illness.

Indexed as

Anti-Arrhythmia AgentsAtrial FibrillationDatabases, FactualHeart RateSepsisAgedFemaleHumansIntensive Care UnitsMaleMiddle AgedPropensity ScoreTreatment OutcomeAnti-Arrhythmia AgentsNew-onset atrial fibrillationRate controlRhythm controlSepsis

Identifiers

PMID40336017
PMCPMC12057229

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.