ArticleJournal of community health2025
A Latent Class Analysis of COVID-19 Vaccine Attitudes and Beliefs: Results from a Community Survey Conducted Via the Chicagoland Community Engagement Alliance (CEAL) Program.
Article in Journal of community health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundIn the U.S., responses to the rollout of COVID-19 vaccine varied widely, with contrasting perceptions of the vaccine. We aimed to characterize distinct groups of respondents regarding COVID-19 vaccine perceptions.
methodsData came from the 2021-2023 Common Survey (n = 852), collected in Chicago using a community-based participatory approach focusing on communities with low COVID-19 vaccination. Participants answered eight questions about vaccine-related perceptions. We conducted a latent class analysis in R.
resultsThe sample included 623 female participants (73.1%), 482 Black participants (56.6%), 259 Hispanic/Latino(a) participants (30.4%), 26 Asian participants (3.1%), and 261 participants with a college degree (30.6%). In a four-class model, Class 1 (skeptic) included 153 participants (18.0%) with low confidence in vaccine safety, effectiveness, and potential to get life back to normal. Class 2 (uncertain) included 163 participants (19.1%) who mostly indicated uncertainty. Class 3 (support with concerns) included 266 participants (31.2%) who recognized many vaccine benefits but also had concerns about its rapid development and "not being studied in people like me." Class 4 (pro-vaccine) included 270 participants (31.7%) with high confidence in vaccine safety and effectiveness and social approval of vaccination. Interestingly, both the skeptic and pro-vaccine groups had somewhat similar agreement with the statement "not enough information on COVID vaccine interaction." Class assignments varied by sociodemographic characteristics. Socioeconomic hardships were associated with a lower likelihood of being in the "pro-vaccine" group.
conclusionsGiven the distinct classes of vaccine beliefs, tailored public health messaging is needed to enhance vaccine confidence and uptake.
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