ArticleArchives of craniofacial surgery2025
War-related maxillofacial injuries in Ukraine: a retrospective multicenter study.
Article in Archives of craniofacial surgery, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Immediate Rehabilitation of Critical-Size Gunshot- and Mine Blast-Related Maxillary Defects Using Cortically Anchored Single-Piece Implants: Two Case Reports.Reports (MDPI) · 2026Article
- Blast and fragmentation injuries associated with cluster munitions in modern warfare: a narrative review.Forensic science, medicine, and pathology · 2026Review
- Drone-Induced Midfacial Blast Injuries: Early Definitive Reconstruction and 5-Year Outcomes from a Single-Center Cohort.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Characteristic of Maxillofacial Injuries Resulting from Interpersonal Violence Between 2021 and 2025: Retrospective Study from Poznan, Poland.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Hemodynamic rescue after blast injury: intravenous administration outperforms intramuscular vasopressin in a swine model.European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society · 2026Article
- War against superbugs, stopping them before they stop us: a biological warfare approach to safeguard European biosecurity.Trauma surgery & acute care open · 2026Article
- Effectiveness of Open Rigid Internal Fixation of Condylar Fracture Resulting in Temporomandibular Joint Function Recovery.Dentistry journal · 2025Article
- Profile and management of war casualties in the context of limited resources and conflict in the Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo: a retrospective observational study.BMC public health · 2025Observational
- Plate Breakage After Mandibular Condylar Fracture Osteosynthesis.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2025Article
- Endoscope-Assisted or Skin-Approach Osteosynthesis of Mandibular Condylar Fracture-A Comparison.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2025Article
- A model to simulate human cardio-respiratory responses to airway obstruction.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundThe invasion of Ukraine by Russian troops on February 24, 2022, had significant humanitarian consequences. This conflict provides valuable data on the types and characteristics of war-related injuries, their epidemiology under modern warfare conditions, and the effectiveness of medical support and treatment strategies applied under challenging military circumstances with limited staff and resources. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the prevalence and characteristics of war-related maxillofacial injuries during the Russian- Ukrainian war.
methodsThis retrospective multicenter study examined the demographic features, etiology, and characteristics of ballistic injuries among military personnel and civilians. Data were collected from the maxillofacial departments of six specialized military and civilian medical institutions in Kyiv and its surrounding regions. The study analyzed 415 patients with gunshot and blast injuries admitted to these hospitals from February 24, 2022, to February 24, 2024. For each patient, parameters such as age, sex, social status, trauma-associated complications, concomitant injuries to other organs and systems, New Injury Severity Scores, and Facial Injury Severity Scale scores were recorded.
resultsAmong the 415 patients, 96.9% were male. Isolated maxillofacial injuries were observed in 75 patients (18%), while ophthalmic injuries were present in 208 patients (50.1%). Primary care for the majority of patients was provided in military hospitals near the front line or in primary, secondary and tertiary regional medical institutions. Wound debridement and closure were performed as primary interventions in 358 patients (86.3%), and more than half of the patients received primary maxillofacial care within 24 hours of injury.
conclusionThe primary cause of war-related maxillofacial injuries was high-energy blast trauma resulting from artillery strikes, mines, drones, rocket attacks, and bombings. War-related military trauma involved soft tissue damage in 97.1% of cases.
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