ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence2025
Manifestations of potential xylazine withdrawal: A retrospective cohort study with nested case series.
Article in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Healthcare provider approaches to managing the health harms of xylazine: A qualitative study.Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2026Article
- Association Between Hospital-Based Addiction Consult Service Implementation and Hospital Length-of-Stay and 30-Day Readmission Rates for Patients with Opioid Use Disorder.Journal of general internal medicine · 2026Article
- Toxicological evidence of xylazine in fatal and non-fatal human intoxication: a systematic review.Forensic science, medicine, and pathology · 2026Review
- "Anything can happen": experiences of people using opioids in a xylazine market.Harm reduction journal · 2025Article
- Biochemical Identification and Clinical Description of Medetomidine Exposure in People Who Use Fentanyl in Philadelphia, PA.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Multidisciplinary Guidance to Care for Persons With Xylazine-Associated Wounds.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Review
- Severe Fentanyl Withdrawal Associated With Medetomidine Adulteration: A Multicenter Study From Philadelphia, PA.Journal of addiction medicineArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeThe alpha
methodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of all hospitalized patients with urine GC-MS xylazine testing performed at three academic hospitals in Philadelphia, PA from 3/2022-2/2023. We used linear and logistic regression to compare peak systolic blood pressure, peak heart rate, and intensive care unit (ICU) admissions for patients with vs. without xylazine detected. Additionally, addiction specialist physicians assessed for candidate signs and symptoms of XWS (otherwise unexplained agitation, elevated blood pressure or heart rate, diaphoresis, tremor) using chart review.
resultsOf 121 xylazine tests, each among unique patients (mean age 44.6 years, 33.1 % female), 73 (60 %) were positive. Xylazine detection was not associated with differences in peak systolic blood pressure or heart rate, but was associated with lower odds of ICU admission (aOR 0.24, 95 % CI 0.09-0.60). Among 73 patients with xylazine detected, chart review determined 54 (74.0 %) did not have candidate signs of XWS, 12 (16.4 %) were indeterminate, and 5 (6.8 %) were excluded due to severe critical illness. Two patients (2.7 %) had otherwise unexplained blood pressure and heart rate elevation consistent with possible XWS. Co-occurring opioid, benzodiazepine, and alcohol withdrawal were common.
conclusionsIn a cohort of hospitalized patients, there was no association between xylazine detection and vital sign instability, xylazine detection was associated with lower ICU admission rate, and chart review did not detect distinct signs or symptoms of XWS.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.