ArticlePloS one2025
A comparative analysis of the burden, trends and inequalities of tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer in India from 2000 to 2021: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease study 2021.
Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Publication Characteristics and Reporting Quality of GBD-Derived Burden of Disease Studies: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Lung Cancer.Journal of evidence-based medicine · 2026Article
- Association of smoking behaviors with GOLD biological age acceleration and potential mediation: Evidence from NHANES 1999-2023.Tobacco induced diseases · 2026Article
- The global cancer crisis: a review of growing burden, deepening inequality and initiatives for prevention and early detection.Ecancermedicalscience · 2026Review
- Wnt signaling pathway in lung aging and aging-related chronic lung diseases.Biogerontology · 2025Review
- Behavioral Patterns Behind Tobacco Smoking among Patients Admitted to a Tertiary Care Hospital of a Developing Nation.Indian journal of community medicine : official publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social MedicineArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundUnderstanding the tracheal, bronchus, and lung (TBL) cancer burden caused by tobacco exposure in India can help local governments implement targeted measures for prevention and treatment of the disease.
methodsThe burden of TBL cancer deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) attributable to tobacco exposure from 2000 to 2021 were presented by age, sex, and region. A Joinpoint model was used to analyze temporal trends of the disease, while decomposition analysis was conducted to quantify the contributions of population growth, aging, and epidemiological changes. In addition, the age-period-cohort (APC) model was implemented to assess the effects of age, period, and cohort on tobacco-related TBL cancer deaths and DALYs burden. Finally, age-standardized deaths and DALYs rates for TBL cancer attributable to tobacco exposure were projected through 2035.
resultsIn 2021, Mizoram recorded the highest age-standardized rates of TBL cancer deaths and DALYs attributable to tobacco exposure, regardless of sex. Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal consistently exhibited the highest number of deaths and DALYs associated with tobacco exposure across the three age groups analyzed. Population growth and aging are the primary drivers behind the increasing burden of TBL cancer. Overall, the risk of tobacco-related lung cancer death increased with age. There are differential period and cohort effects between male and female populations. In the future, the increase in age-standardized rates of deaths and DALYs attributable to secondhand smoke exposure will be more pronounced among males.
conclusionDespite ongoing efforts to control the tobacco epidemic, the burden of TBL cancer related to tobacco remains high in India. Each state in India should adopt targeted measures based on local conditions to address the health threats posed by tobacco.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.