Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40333770›Full record

ArticleMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Emerging Mycotoxins in Cheese: Simultaneous Analysis of Aflatoxin M

Maurizio Cossu, Andrea Sanna, Giuseppe Mangano, Giuseppe Ledda, Giannina Chessa, Pasquale Gallo, Antonio Vella, Ivan Pecorelli, Stefano Sdogati, Marilena Gili and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Aflatoxin MMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Maurizio CossuIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna "G.Pegreffi", Via Vienna, n.2, 07100 Sassari, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-9564-1112
Andrea SannaIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna "G.Pegreffi", Via Vienna, n.2, 07100 Sassari, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-3024-4527
Giuseppe ManganoIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna "G.Pegreffi", Via Vienna, n.2, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
Giuseppe LeddaIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna "G.Pegreffi", Via Vienna, n.2, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
Giannina ChessaIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna "G.Pegreffi", Via Vienna, n.2, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
Pasquale GalloIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Via Salute, n.2, 80055 Portici, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-9676-2290
Antonio VellaIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia, Via Gino Marinuzzi, 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy.
Ivan PecorelliIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Via G. Salvemini, 1, 06126 Perugia, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-2889-1071
Stefano SdogatiIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Via G. Salvemini, 1, 06126 Perugia, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-9214-8082
Marilena GiliIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Via Bologna, 148, 10154 Torino, Italy.
Carlo BoselliIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio E Della Toscana "M. Aleandri"-National Reference Centre for Ovine and Caprine Milk and Dairy Products Quality (C.Re.L.D.O.C.), 00178 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-3990-1063

Funding

Italian Ministry of Health grant number IZSLT 01/21 RC "STRATEGICA"
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The presence of mycotoxins in cheese is a significant concern due to their potential health risks. Mycotoxins can contaminate cheese through two main routes: indirectly via contaminated animal feed, and/or directly, because of mold growth on dairy products. It has been reported that cheese may contain metabolites of aflatoxin B1 such as aflatoxin M1 (AFM1), aflatoxicol (AFL), and, its precursor, sterigmatocystin (STC). This study presents a reliable method for the simultaneous determination of AFM1, AFL, and STC in cheeses made from ovine, goat, or buffalo milk. The method was developed using single liquid extraction, clean-up by an immunoaffinity column (IAC), and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) determination. The method was subjected to initial validation according to EU regulations, which outline the required performance parameters and criteria of analytical methods for official food control. The limits of quantification (LOQs) of the method for AFM1, AFL, and STC are 2.0 ng/kg, 5.0 ng/kg, and 1.0 ng/kg, respectively. The method was applied in a study for the assessment of mycotoxin transfer from milk to cheeses and also their growth.

Indexed as

Aflatoxin M1CheeseMycotoxinsSterigmatocystinAnimalsChromatography, LiquidFood ContaminationGoatsLiquid Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryMilkSheepTandem Mass SpectrometryAflatoxin M1MycotoxinsSterigmatocystinaflatoxicolaflatoxin M1cheeseemerging mycotoxinsLC-MS/MSsterigmatocystin

Identifiers

PMID40333770
PMCPMC12029257

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.