Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40333301›Full record

ArticleVaccines2025

Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 IgG in Nursing Home Residents in Belgium Throughout Three BNT162b2 Vaccination Rounds: 19-Month Follow-Up.

Eline Meyers, Liselore De Rop, Claudia Gioveni, Fien Engels, Anja Coen, Tine De Burghgraeve, Marina Digregorio, Pauline Van Ngoc, Nele De Clercq, Laëtitia Buret and 7 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Vaccines, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Eline MeyersDepartment of Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0002-3549-9548
Liselore De RopLUHTAR-Leuven Unit for HTA Research, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0003-0111-9508
Claudia GioveniDepartment of Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
Fien EngelsDepartment of Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
Anja CoenDepartment of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
Tine De BurghgraeveLUHTAR-Leuven Unit for HTA Research, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0002-0561-6504
Marina DigregorioResearch Unit of Primary Care and Health, Department of General Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0002-5317-7788
Pauline Van NgocResearch Unit of Primary Care and Health, Department of General Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0003-0925-9994
Nele De ClercqDepartment of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
Laëtitia BuretResearch Unit of Primary Care and Health, Department of General Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0002-5653-615X
Samuel CoenenDepartment of Family Medicine & Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0002-1238-8052
Elizaveta PadalkoLaboratory of Medical Microbiology, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0002-8101-6957
Els DuysburghDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health, Sciensano, 1000 Brussels, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0003-3345-7616
Beatrice ScholtesResearch Unit of Primary Care and Health, Department of General Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0001-5274-822X
Jan Y VerbakelLUHTAR-Leuven Unit for HTA Research, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0002-7166-7211
Stefan HeytensDepartment of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0003-1097-4987
Piet CoolsDepartment of Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0003-2980-5307

Funding

Research Foundation - Flanders 1SDN2524NSciensano (Belgium) SC_045
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND/

objectivesThis study mapped antibody dynamics across three COVID-19 vaccination rounds (primary course, first, and second booster with BNT162b2) in Belgian nursing home residents (NHRs).

methodsWithin a national SARS-CoV-2 serosurveillance study (February 2021-September 2022) across Belgian nursing homes, dried blood spots were collected, on which anti-spike SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies were quantified by ELISA in international units/mL (IU/mL). Sociodemographic data were collected at the study start and infection history and vaccination data at each sampling round.

resultsInfection-naïve NHRs had low antibody levels after primary course vaccination (geometric mean concentration (GMC) 292 IU/mL, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 197-432), but increased tenfold after first booster (GMC 2168 IU/mL, 95% CI: 1554-3027). While antibodies among NHRs significantly declined within six months after primary vaccination (

conclusionsThese findings demonstrate that NHRs require tailored vaccination, prioritizing repeated immunization to improve serological outcomes in poor responders such as infection-naive NHRs. Regular immune monitoring could aid in implementing evidence-based vaccine strategies, ensuring optimal protection for vulnerable populations against SARS-CoV-2 and other infectious threats.

Indexed as

antibody dynamicsboosterCOVID-19 vaccinationnursing home residents

Identifiers

PMID40333301
PMCPMC12030799

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.