ReviewVaccines2025
Beyond the Pandemic Era: Recent Advances and Efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines Against Emerging Variants of Concern.
Review in Vaccines, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed.
- Risk Factors of COVID-19 Severity and Related Death in Children in the Post-Pandemic Era.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Nipah virus and the lessons of COVID-19: are we prepared for the next pandemic threat?Infectious medicine · 2026Review
- Heat Shock Protein Inhibitor Tanespimycin (17AAG) Suppresses SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease Activity and Is More Potent Than Clinically Approved Antiviral Nirmatrelvir.Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology · 2026Article
- Advances in Feline Panleukopenia Virus Vaccines: Immunological Mechanisms, Current Challenges, and Future Perspectives.Viruses · 2026Review
- Antigenic Variation and Immune Recognition Inference From the COVID-19 Pandemic: An In Silico Comparative Analysis of Spike T Cell Epitopes From the SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2026Article
- Arming Inactivated Enveloped Virus Vaccines with theVaccines · 2026Review
- Broadly Protective Antibody-Like Vaccines Against Highly Pathogenic Coronaviruses.Journal of medical virology · 2026Article
- Early-Phase Oral Antiviral Use and Post-COVID-19 Condition in Outpatients.JAMA network open · 2026Observational
- A Longitudinal Exploratory Study of SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Dynamics in Young Adults in Bogotá: Lessons from Natural Infection and Post-Vaccination Memory.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Immunosenescence and cytomegalovirus-associated immune signatures on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 booster responses.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2026Article
- Next-generation mucosal vaccines for respiratory viruses: Immunological correlates, platform design and clinical translation.World journal of virology · 2026Review
- Alcohol consumption and the risk of coronavirus disease 2019: A prospective cohort study.Medicine · 2026Article
- Effectiveness of COVID-19 Vaccines Against Hospitalization and Severe Disease in Children with Diabetes Mellitus During Pandemic and Post-Pandemic Eras.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Predictors of Severe Outcomes in COVID-19: Evidence from Real-World Multicenter Retrospective Study (2020-2024).Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Dissecting the Interaction Domains of SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Protein and Human RNA Helicase DDX3X and Search for Potential Inhibitors.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- COVID vaccination and post-infection cancer signals: Evaluating patterns and potential biological mechanisms.Oncotarget · 2026Review
- Engineering strategies and decision frameworks for virus-like particle-based vaccines against infectious diseases.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Trivalent coronavirus vaccines elicit broad-spectrum immunity in mice and attenuate respiratory viral load in golden hamsters.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Infectious diseases, infection control, vaccines and long-term care: an European interdisciplinary Council on ageing consensus document.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2025Review
- Fisetin as an Antiviral Agent Targeting the RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase of SARS-CoV-2: Computational Prediction and In Vitro Experimental Validation.Microorganisms · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Vaccination has been instrumental in curbing the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and mitigating the severity of clinical manifestations associated with COVID-19. Numerous COVID-19 vaccines have been developed to this effect, including BioNTech-Pfizer and Moderna's mRNA vaccines, as well as adenovirus vector-based vaccines such as Oxford-AstraZeneca. However, the emergence of new variants and subvariants of SARS-CoV-2, characterized by enhanced transmissibility and immune evasion, poses significant challenges to the efficacy of current vaccination strategies. In this review, we aim to comprehensively outline the landscape of emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) and sub-lineages that have recently surfaced in the post-pandemic years. We assess the effectiveness of existing vaccines, including their booster doses, against these emerging variants and subvariants, such as BA.2-derived sub-lineages, XBB sub-lineages, and BA.2.86 (Pirola). Furthermore, we discuss the latest advancements in vaccine technology, including multivalent and pan-coronavirus approaches, along with the development of several next-generation coronavirus vaccines, such as exosome-based, virus-like particle (VLP), mucosal, and nanomaterial-based vaccines. Finally, we highlight the key challenges and critical areas for future research to address the evolving threat of SARS-CoV-2 subvariants and to develop strategies for combating the emergence of new viral threats, thereby improving preparedness for future pandemics.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.