Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40333204›Full record

ArticleVaccines2025

Assessing Immunization Coverage and the Negative Impact of Local Vaccine Production Cessation in Ecuador.

Esteban Ortiz-Prado, Lissette Carolina Villacreses-Brito, Jorge Vasconez-Gonzalez, Cristina Anabel Jacome, Marlon Arias-Intriago, Juan S Izquierdo-Condoy

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Vaccines, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Esteban Ortiz-PradoOne Health Research Group, Faculty of Health Science, Universidad de Las Americas, Quito 170604, Ecuador.ORCID 0000-0002-1895-7498
Lissette Carolina Villacreses-BritoOne Health Research Group, Faculty of Health Science, Universidad de Las Americas, Quito 170604, Ecuador.ORCID 0009-0008-8130-5485
Jorge Vasconez-GonzalezOne Health Research Group, Faculty of Health Science, Universidad de Las Americas, Quito 170604, Ecuador.ORCID 0000-0003-4573-6217
Cristina Anabel JacomeDirección Nacional de Inmunización, Ministerio de Salud del Ecuador, Quito 170604, Ecuador.
Marlon Arias-IntriagoOne Health Research Group, Faculty of Health Science, Universidad de Las Americas, Quito 170604, Ecuador.ORCID 0009-0002-3717-383X
Juan S Izquierdo-CondoyOne Health Research Group, Faculty of Health Science, Universidad de Las Americas, Quito 170604, Ecuador.ORCID 0000-0002-1178-0546

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic highlighted vaccine importance while exposing inequities in global immunization, especially in LMICs like Ecuador. Local vaccine production ensures supply, reduces reliance on imports, and boosts health security. Understanding the relationship between local production and vaccination outcomes is crucial to addressing emerging public health challenges.

objectiveThe objective was to assess the impact of local vaccine production cessation on vaccination coverage rates for BCG- and DTP-containing vaccines. METHODOLOGY: This retrospective cross-sectional study analyzed vaccine coverage data from 2004 to 2023, focusing on key vaccines such as BCG and DTP, to assess the impact of the cessation of local vaccine production. Mann-Whitney U tests were conducted to compare vaccination coverage during the periods of local production (2004-2013) and post-production cessation (2014-2023). Historical context and policy implications were also evaluated to provide a comprehensive perspective.

resultsA significant decline in vaccine coverage was observed following the cessation of local production. For BCG, median coverage decreased from 100% during the production period to 87.8% post-cessation (

conclusionsReinvesting in local vaccine production is pivotal to improving immunization outcomes and strengthening Ecuador's health security. International collaboration and strategic planning can help overcome current challenges, positioning Ecuador as a regional leader in vaccine production and public health resilience.

Indexed as

BCGDTPEcuadorimmunizationlocal productionpublic healthvaccine coverage

Identifiers

PMID40333204
PMCPMC12030791

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.