Evaluation of Rapid Influenza Diagnostic Tests for the Detection of H5N1 in Milk.

Missiani Ochwoto, Franziska Kaiser, Claude Kwe Yinda, Arthur Wickenhagen, Vincent J Munster

Abstract readEvaluation Study

In one paragraph

Article in Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

1citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

Avian Influenza Viruses: Global Panzootic, Host Range Expansion and Emerging One-Health Threats.Veterinary sciences · 2026
Review

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Missiani OchwotoLaboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 903 South 4th Street, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA.

Franziska KaiserLaboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 903 South 4th Street, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7758-9605

Claude Kwe YindaLaboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 903 South 4th Street, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA.

Arthur WickenhagenLaboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 903 South 4th Street, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5470-1505

Vincent J MunsterLaboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 903 South 4th Street, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2288-3196

Funding

Division of Intramural Research NIAID 1ZIAAI001179-07

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Rapid influenza diagnostic tests (RIDTs) could be useful in the current bovine H5N1 outbreak. Here, we evaluated three RIDTs with H5N1. The RDITs showed comparable sensitivity with H5N1 compared to seasonal influenza A virus H3N2, and no difference was observed in sensitivity between raw milk and the PBS control.

Indexed as

Diagnostic Tests, RoutineInfluenza A Virus, H5N1 SubtypeMilkOrthomyxoviridae InfectionsAnimalsCattleInfluenza, HumanSensitivity and SpecificityHPAI H5N1rapid influenza diagnostic testraw milkRIDT

Identifiers

PMID40333087

DOI10.3390/pathogens14040325

PMCPMC12030630

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.