Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40332690›Full record

ArticleDiscover mental health2025

Camouflaging depression.

Seth Brown

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Discover mental health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Seth BrownDepartment of Psychology, University of Northern Iowa, Cedar Falls, IA, 50614-0505, USA. seth.brown@uni.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5729-1764

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Many individuals with depression have been observed to exert effort to appear non-depressed. This effort, referred to as camouflaging, has been systematically studied among individuals with autism spectrum disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, but not among individuals with more common disorders such as depression. The purpose of this research was to examine camouflaging amongst individuals with depression and develop a camouflaging instrument specifically for depression. The Camouflaging Depression Scale (CDS) was developed and administered to 292 individuals experiencing varying levels of depression along with other clinical measures. In this sample, engagement in camouflaging was common and similarly occurred among individuals across varying levels of depression and demographic characteristics. The final 14-item CDS had a unitary factor structure with good internal consistency and temporal reliability across two weeks, and the CDS was associated with a self-monitoring scale. CDS scores were also associated with measures of depression, distress, fatigue, and internalized stigma. The CDS provides a means for researchers, diagnosticians, and clinicians to more accurately measure and examine this under-recognized phenomenon.

Indexed as

CamouflagingDepressionMaskingMeasurementStigma

Identifiers

PMID40332690
PMCPMC12058587

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.