ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2025
Applying K-Means Cluster Analysis to Urinary Biomarkers in Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome: A New Perspective on Disease Classification.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Urinary Biomarkers in Interstitial Cystitis and Bladder Pain Syndrome: A Narrative Review of Differential Diagnosis and Treatment Monitoring.International urogynecology journal · 2026Review
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5 authors.
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Abstract
This study applied K-means cluster analysis to urinary biomarker profiles in interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) patients, aiming to provide a new perspective on disease classification and its clinical relevance. We retrospectively analyzed urine samples from 127 IC/BPS patients and 30 controls. The urinary levels of 10 inflammatory cytokines and three oxidative stress markers (8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosin [8-OHdG], 8-isoprostane, and total antioxidant capacity [TAC]) were quantified. K-means clustering was performed to identify biomarker-based patient subgroups. IC/BPS patients exhibited significantly elevated urinary levels of Eotaxin, MCP-1, NGF, 8-OHdG, 8-isoprostane, and TAC compared to controls (all
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