ArticleJournal of the American Heart Association2025
Reduced Complexity of Pulse Rate Is Associated With Faster Cognitive Decline in Older Adults.
Article in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Heart rate variability provides prognostic value in multiple system atrophy.Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society · 2026Article
- Why family medicine requires a paradigm shift from linear guidelines to complexity science.Family medicine and community health · 2026Article
- Using Indoor Movement Complexity in Smart Homes to Detect Frailty in Older Adults: Multiple-Methods Case Series Study.JMIR aging · 2026Article
- Resilience and brain health in global populations.Nature medicine · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCardiovascular diseases are closely linked to cognitive health. Subclinical cardiovascular functional changes, such as cardiac autonomic dysfunction, precede cardiovascular diseases and improve risk stratification. Continuous monitoring of heart rate or pulse rate is a commonly used approach to evaluate cardiac cycle and autonomic regulation. We investigated whether the complexity of pulse rate is associated with longitudinal cognitive decline in older adults.
methodsOvernight pulse oximetry data were collected from 503 participants (mean age=82±7 [SD] years, 76% female). We used a previously established distribution entropy algorithm to extract the complexity of pulse rate as a proxy for subclinical cardiovascular function. Participants completed a standardized cognitive test battery during the same visit of pulse oximetry and at least 1 follow-up visit. Linear mixed-effects models were conducted to test whether distribution entropy is associated with longitudinal changes in global cognition and separately, in 5 cognitive domains.
resultsGreater distribution entropy (ie, better complexity) was associated with a slower decline in global cognition; the effect of 1-SD increase in distribution entropy was equivalent to being approximately 3 years younger. No associations were observed between conventional time- or frequency-domain pulse rate variability measures and cognitive changes.
conclusionsHigher complexity of pulse rate is linked with slower cognitive decline in older adults. Future studies should test whether complexity is also associated with future risks of neurodegenerative disorders, such as dementia, and further elucidate the causal directions.
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Registered trials
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