Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40329232›Full record

ArticleBMC ophthalmology2025

Correlation among ocular surface changes and systemic hematologic indexes and disease activity in primary Sjögren's syndrome: a cross-sectional study.

Yan He, Jianing Feng, Wen Shi, Yuerong Ren, Yingyi Liu, Huanmin Kang, Jing Tian, Ying Jie

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC ophthalmology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Tear fluid participates in systemic immunity.Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences · 2025
    Review
  6. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Yan He *Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmic and Visual Science Key Laboratory, Beijing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4357-4082
Jianing Feng *Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Shaanxi Eye Hospital, Northwest University Affiliated People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4772-9416
Wen ShiDepartment of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0398-591X
Yuerong RenDepartment of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3708-0035
Yingyi LiuBeijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmic and Visual Science Key Laboratory, Beijing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8684-7629
Huanmin KangDepartment of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5348-2184
Jing TianDepartment of Rheumatism and Immunology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. tianjing001@csu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4815-619X
Ying JieBeijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmic and Visual Science Key Laboratory, Beijing, China. jie_yingcn@aliyun.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0002-9362-2214

Funding

Beijing Physician Scientist Training Project BJPSTP-2024-06National Natural Science Foundation of China grants 82371034Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province grants 2022JJ30065
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTo explore the relationship among ocular surface changes, systemic hematologic indexes, and disease activity in primary Sjögren's syndrome patients.

methodsThirty-three primary Sjögren's syndrome patients and 36 healthy controls were recruited in this cross-sectional study. All participants underwent complete ocular surface testing, including dry eye symptoms and signs, tear multi-cytokine analysis, and conjunctival impression cytology (CIC). Multiple systemic hematologic indexes and disease activity were also evaluated, including autoantibodies, immune cells, the EULAR Sjögren's Syndrome Patient Reported Index (ESSPRI), and the EULAR Sjögren's Syndrome Disease Activity Index (ESSDAI).

resultsPrimary Sjögren's syndrome patients exhibited significant dry eye, severe conjunctivochalasis, decreased goblet cell density, and severe squamous epithelial on the ocular surface. Interferon-inducible T cell alpha chemoattractant (I-TAC), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-5, IL-8, IL-10, IL-13, IL-21, C-C motif chemokine ligand (CCL)4, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), CCL20, and tumor necrosis factor-gamma (TNF-α) in the tear fluid of pSS patients changed significantly. Correlation analysis showed that anti-SSA was relevant to ocular surface disease index (OSDI) score, tear break-up time (TBUT), and meibomian gland secretion (MGS). CD8

conclusionsOur results revealed that the ocular surface changes in pSS patients were significantly correlated with systemic hematologic indexes and disease activity.

Indexed as

ConjunctivaCytokinesDry Eye SyndromesSjogren's SyndromeTearsAdultAgedAutoantibodiesCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleGoblet CellsHumansMaleMiddle AgedAutoantibodiesCytokinesDisease activityDry eyePrimary Sjögren’s syndromeTear cytokines

Identifiers

PMID40329232
PMCPMC12054185

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.