ArticleThe Psychiatric quarterly2026
Changes in Trauma-based Intrusive Memory Characteristics Associated with Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) for Depression: A Daily Diary Study.
Article in The Psychiatric quarterly, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- The short-term stability and reliability of daily estimates of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms.Journal of traumatic stress · 2026Article
- Scoping Review of Experience Sampling Methodology Investigations of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms.Clinical psychology : a publication of the Division of Clinical Psychology of the American Psychological Association · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The present study investigated whether repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for depression reduced trauma-based intrusive memory frequency and associated pathological characteristics such as intensity and distress. Traumatic stress symptoms and general psychopathology outcomes were also investigated. Inpatients at a psychiatric hospital (N = 25) referred for 20-sessions of rTMS for depression completed daily ratings of trauma-related intrusive memory frequency and characteristics. Linear mixed models and repeated measures t-tests were used to analyze the course of change for intrusive memories. Effect sizes and reliable change were also analyzed. Non-linear decreases for intrusive memory frequency and associated characteristics were reported over the course of treatment, with the changes from Days 0 to 7 being sustained at Day 20. Large effect sizes were reported for measures of traumatic stress, and re-experiencing, depression, and stress symptoms. Reliable change was most commonly indicated for measures of traumatic stress and general mental health. Limitations of the study include the lack of a control group and small sample size. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to use a within-subject daily-sampling design to monitor intrusive memories, in an inpatient setting, within the context of rTMS treatment. Routine rTMS for depression appears beneficial for reducing trauma-based intrusive memories as well as PTSD symptoms more generally. The present study demonstrates clinical viability of extending routine rTMS protocols used for depression to trauma-based intrusive memories and associated symptomatology.
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