ArticlePharmacotherapy2025
Relationship of the revised anticholinergic drug scale with cultured cell-based serum anticholinergic activity and cognitive measures in older adults with mild cognitive impairment or remitted depression.
Article in Pharmacotherapy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThe Anticholinergic Drug Scale (ADS) is a commonly used measure of anticholinergic exposure. This study describes an expanded and revised version of the ADS (rADS) and its relationship with cultured cell-based serum anticholinergic activity (cSAA) and cognitive measures. STUDY
participantsAdults aged 60 years and older with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), remitted major depressive disorder (rMDD), or both, participate in the Prevention of Alzheimer's Dementia with Cognitive Remediation plus Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (PACt-MD) study. STUDY
designCross-sectional investigation of data from the PACt-MD study. MEASURES: The rADS includes ratings for 1047 distinct products, about twice as many as the originally published scale; previously published ratings were revised for 40 drugs. Total rADS scores were calculated as sums of ratings of all drugs taken by participants; cSAA was measured in the participants' sera; cognitive performance included measures of executive function, language, processing speed, verbal memory, visuospatial memory, working memory, and an overall composite score. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: The relationship between rADS total scores and cSAA was examined using a Spearman rank correlation coefficient. Relationships between rADS total scores and cognitive performance measures were explored in multivariable linear regression models.
resultsThe sample included 310 participants (mean [standard deviation] age: 72 (6) years; 61.6% were women, and 81.6% had MCI [with or without rMDD]). Total rADS scores were positively correlated with cSAA (Spearman's correlation coefficient: 0.178, p = 0.0016). Total rADS scores were not significantly associated with cognitive performance.
conclusionsThe revised scale is recommended as a replacement for the original ADS since it includes ratings for more drugs and was significantly, albeit weakly, associated with cSAA, similar to previous findings using the original ADS.
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Registered trials
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