Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40326386›Full record

ArticleAssessment2026

The Expression Regulation Scale (ERS): Validation of Three Emotion Domains for Expressive Norms with Close and Distant Others in Private and Public Situations.

Conal Monaghan, Yiyun Shou, Paige Mewton, Anika Quayle, Amy Dawel

Abstract readValidation Study
In one paragraph

Article in Assessment, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Conal MonaghanThe Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-2949-5038
Yiyun ShouThe Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-7386-0031
Paige MewtonThe Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-1744-1155
Anika QuayleThe Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
Amy DawelThe Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-6668-3121

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The social norms that guide emotional expression are critical for successful interpersonal interaction. However, the intricate emotional architecture underpinning these norms has remained largely unexplored. Our study is the first to rigorously investigate "display rules" or expressive norms for a comprehensive set of 64 theory-based emotions, utilizing a representative sample from the United Kingdom. The sample reflected national census demographics based on age, sex, and ethnicity. We measured expressive norms ranging from suppression to amplification in four social situations, combining two settings (public vs. private) and interactant types (close relations vs. distant others). Using a theory-building subsample (

Indexed as

Emotional RegulationEmotionsInterpersonal RelationsSocial NormsAdolescentAdultAgedFactor Analysis, StatisticalFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPsychometricsReproducibility of ResultsUnited KingdomYoung Adultant colony optimizationcontextdisplay rulesemotionfactor analysis

Identifiers

PMID40326386
PMCPMC12924882

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.