SynthesisANZ journal of surgery2025
The Current Applications in Surgery of Three-Dimensional Modelling Technology for Complex Fistula-In-Ano: A Systematic Review.
Synthesis in ANZ journal of surgery, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The Current Applications in Surgery of Three-Dimensional Modelling Technology for Complex Fistula-In-Ano: A Systematic Review.ANZ journal of surgery · 2025Pooled it
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundComplex fistula-in-ano (FIA) poses significant clinical challenges due to its intricate anatomy and high recurrence rates. Traditional imaging techniques like MRI are limited by their two-dimensional (2D) nature, prompting the use of three-dimensional (3D) modeling for enhanced visualization.
methodsThis systematic review, adhering to PRISMA guidelines, analysed 17 studies using 3D models for surgical planning, education, and patient engagement in managing complex FIA. A risk of bias assessment was conducted using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool for randomized studies and ROBINS-I for non-randomized studies, revealing that all included studies had at least a moderate risk of bias.
resultsThree-dimensional models improved anatomical visualization compared to 2D MRI, potentially enhancing surgical planning accuracy and reducing recurrence rates. They also offered educational benefits for surgeons and patients. However, the evidence is limited by methodological weaknesses such as small sample sizes and subjective outcome measures.
conclusionThree-dimensional modelling technology shows promise in improving surgical precision and patient outcomes for complex FIA, but further high-quality research is needed to validate its clinical utility due to methodological weaknesses in current studies.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.