Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40325451›Full record

ArticleBMC medical education2025

Are we all singing from the same song sheet? Standardizing terminology used in inter-professional telehealth education and practice: a mixed method study.

Laila Rahmah, Athaya Febriantyo Purnomo, Maryam Alizadeh, Soraya Shareef Askari, Nurul Cholifah Lutfiana, Mundakir Mundakir, Muhammad Anas, Sukadiono Sukadiono, Lee Ingle, Fuat Ince and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC medical education, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Laila RahmahDepartment of Digital Health, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Athaya Febriantyo PurnomoDepartment of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Maryam AlizadehDepartment of Medical Education, Medical School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Soraya Shareef AskariSchool of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Nurul Cholifah LutfianaFaculty of Medicine, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia.
Mundakir MundakirFaculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia.
Muhammad AnasFaculty of Medicine, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia.
Sukadiono SukadionoFaculty of Medicine, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia.
Lee IngleSchool of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, UK.
Fuat InceDepartment of History of Medicine and Ethics, Faculty of Medicine, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey.
Gholamreza HassanzadehDepartment of Digital Health, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Ardalan ShariatDepartment of Digital Health, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. ardalansh2002@gmail.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTelehealth interventions have proven essential in maintaining healthcare delivery during the global pandemic. However, its broader adoption within different healthcare settings has been impacted by inconsistent and non-standardized terminology, which poses challenges to global implementation and stakeholder communication. This article addresses these barriers by analyzing telehealth-related terms and developing a detailed clinical guide to aid inter-professional health educators in adopting standardized terminology, improving clarity, and fostering collaboration.

methodsA mixed-methods approach was used, comprising four phases. Phase 1 included weekly online journal club sessions (February to August 2024) focused on digital health topics, where relevant terms were discussed and extracted. Phase 2 involved detailed transcription analysis to identify telehealth-related terms based on their frequency of use and relevance to digital health. Phase 3 was a systematic literature review to contextualize and refine the identified terms. Phase 4 entailed expert validation, where five digital health professionals reviewed the proposed terminology and provided refinements. Additionally, terms were cross-referenced with the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) database to evaluate their existing definitions.

resultsA total of 314 telehealth terms were identified through discussions in the International Journal Club in Digital Health (IJC DH) and a literature review. Approximately 90.44% of these terms were sourced from 12 journal club sessions, covering topics such as Digital Health, Digital Psychiatry, Neurorehabilitation, and Robotic Surgery. The literature review contributed 30 unique terms, with further analysis revealing that 73% of the terms were not defined in the MeSH database. This finding underscores the evolving nature of telehealth and the need for terminology standardization. Expert reviews validated most proposed definitions, though specific terms required additional discussion.

conclusionsThe resulting standardized terminology guide enhances inter-professional collaboration in telehealth by providing clear and consistent definitions. This guide reduces miscommunication, facilitates interdisciplinary research and practice, and can be integrated into educational curricula to prepare future healthcare professionals for the complexities of digital health. By addressing terminology gaps, this study supports the advancement of telehealth education and improves patient care outcomes.

Indexed as

TelemedicineTerminology as TopicHumansDefinitionDigital healthInter-professional collaborationMedical educationMedical practiceTelemedicineTerminology

Identifiers

PMID40325451
PMCPMC12051297

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.