ArticleBMC psychiatry2025
Measuring the prevalence, warning signs, and preventive measures of secondary traumatic stress among critical care nurses.
Article in BMC psychiatry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Prevalence of secondary traumatic stress in nurses: a meta-analysis of observational studies.Frontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
- Emotional Exhaustion and Secondary Traumatic Stress Experienced by Nursing Students in Intensive Care Practice: A Phenomenological Study.International nursing review · 2026Article
- Secondary traumatic stress among healthcare workers in Egypt and the mediating role of workplace protective factors.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Quality of communication in intensive care units: how families view interactions with doctors versus nurses.BMC health services research · 2026Article
- Occupational stress, job satisfaction, and intention to leave among critical care nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study in Lebanon.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- When Caring Hurts: The Buffering Role of Social Support in Emergency Department Nurses' Coping With Secondary Traumatic Stress.Journal of nursing management · 2026Article
- The Effect of Team Job Crafting on Professional Quality of Life Among Nurses: A Latent Profile Analysis.Journal of nursing management · 2025Article
- Total Rewards and Work Engagement in Critical Care Nursing: A Cross-Sectional Analysis From Lebanon.SAGE open nursingArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Nurses are the front-liners for patients who need urgent care; therefore, they are exposed to several stressors. Indirect exposure to others' trauma is called secondary traumatic stress. This study examined the prevalence, warning signs, and preventive measures of secondary traumatic stress among critical care nurses in Jordan. A descriptive cross-sectional design was used. Data were collected through a questionnaire, both paper and electronic, from 317 nurses working in nine hospitals. Nurses in this study had moderate levels of secondary traumatic stress with a mean of 40.9 (SD = 11.29), and around half of them met the diagnostic criteria. Arousal was the most reported symptom followed by avoidance and lastly intrusion. The majority of nurses had a mild to moderate risk of developing secondary traumatic stress. Multiple traumatizing events had a positive relationship with STS prevalence. Nurses viewed the preventive measures as moderately to greatly effective. Efforts must be directed toward preventing, diagnosing, and treating secondary traumatic stress among critical care nurses.
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