Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40325027›Full record

ArticleNPJ Parkinson's disease2025

Corneal confocal microscopy differentiates patients with secondary parkinsonism from idiopathic Parkinson's disease.

Hong-Qi Yang, Ran Xin, Ning-Ning Che, Qiu-Huan Jiang, Shuai Chen, Si-Yuan Chen, Zhi-Kun Sun, Wei-Min Yang, Xue Li, Jian-Jun Ma and 2 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in NPJ Parkinson's disease, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Hong-Qi Yang *Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China. ericyng@163.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9277-0920
Ran Xin *School of Nursing, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Ning-Ning Che *Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5470-2003
Qiu-Huan JiangDepartment of Neurology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
Shuai ChenDepartment of Neurology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
Si-Yuan ChenDepartment of Neurology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
Zhi-Kun SunDepartment of Neurology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
Wei-Min YangDepartment of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
Xue LiDepartment of Neurology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
Jian-Jun MaDepartment of Neurology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
Jie-Wen ZhangDepartment of Neurology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China. zhangjw9900@126.com.
Rayaz A MalikDepartment of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7188-8903

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, while secondary parkinsonism (SP) may be due to drugs, vascular, infectious, inflammatory, or even paraneoplastic etiologies. There is currently no biomarker that accurately distinguishes SP from PD. Corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) identifies corneal nerve loss which is associated with motor, cognitive and autonomic dysfunction in PD patients. This study enrolled participants with PD (n = 45) and SP (n = 25). A subset of patients underwent L-6-

Identifiers

PMID40325027
PMCPMC12053755

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.