ReviewThoracic cancer2025
Current Status of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Treatment Responsive Biomarkers for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.
Review in Thoracic cancer, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Review
- Emerging Targeted and Multimodal Therapeutic Strategies in Breast Cancer: A Comprehensive Review.Breast cancer (Dove Medical Press) · 2026Review
- Advanced nanotechnology in enhancing immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for head and neck cancer therapy.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Review
- The role of pan-immune-inflammation index in the prognosis of Chinese cases with triple-negative breast cancer following surgical resection.Frontiers in surgery · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), accounting for about 10%-20% of all breast cancer cases, is characterized by its aggressive nature, high recurrence rates, and poor prognosis. Unlike other breast cancer subtypes, TNBC lacks hormone receptors and specific molecular targets, limiting therapeutic options. In recent years, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown promise in treating TNBC by targeting immune evasion mechanisms. Despite these advancements, several issues remain unresolved, including low response rates in programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) negative TNBC subtypes and the challenge of predicting which patients will benefit from ICIs. Consequently, there is growing interest in identifying reliable biomarkers beyond PD-L1 expression. This review synthesizes recent studies to provide a comprehensive perspective on ICI therapy in TNBC, clarifying the status of single-agent ICI therapies and combination strategies, emphasizing the need for further research into biomarkers. These insights provide clues for more personalized and effective treatment approaches, ultimately aiming to improve clinical outcomes for patients with TNBC.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.