Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40323323›Full record

ArticleBioinformatics (Oxford, England)2025

Automatic biomarker discovery and enrichment with BRAD.

Joshua Pickard, Ram Prakash, Marc Andrew Choi, Natalie Oliven, Cooper Stansbury, Jillian Cwycyshyn, Nicholas Galioto, Alex Gorodetsky, Alvaro Velasquez, Indika Rajapakse

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Bioinformatics (Oxford, England), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. AI Agents in Clinical Medicine: A Systematic Review.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025
    Article
  10. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Joshua PickardGilbert S. Omenn Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-8763-3200
Ram PrakashGilbert S. Omenn Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States.
Marc Andrew ChoiDepartment of Mathematics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States.
Natalie OlivenGilbert S. Omenn Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States.
Cooper StansburyGilbert S. Omenn Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States.
Jillian CwycyshynGilbert S. Omenn Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States.
Nicholas GaliotoGilbert S. Omenn Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States.
Alex GorodetskyDepartment of Aerospace Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States.
Alvaro VelasquezDepartment of Computer Science, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-6757-105X
Indika RajapakseGilbert S. Omenn Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-6160-9168

Funding

Air Force Office of Scientific Research FA9550-22-1-0215Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency HR00112490472
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

motivationIntegrating Large Language Models (LLMs) with research tools presents technical and reproducibility challenges for biomedical research. While commercial artificial intelligence (AI) systems are easy to adopt, they obscure data provenance, lack transparency, and can generates false information, making them unfit for many research problems. To address these challenges, we developed the Bioinformatics Retrieval Augmented Digital (BRAD) agent software system.

resultsHere, we introduce BRAD, an agentic system that integrates LLMs with external tools and data to streamline research workflows. BRAD's modular agents retrieve information from literature, custom software, and online databases while maintaining transparent protocols to increase the reliability of AI generated results. We apply BRAD to a biomarker discovery pipeline, automating both execution and the generation of enrichment reports. This workflow contextualizes user data within the literature, enabling a level of interpretation and automation that surpasses conventional research tools. Beyond the workflow we highlight here, BRAD is a flexible system that has been deployed in other applications including a chatbot, video RAG, and analysis of single cell data. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION: The source code for BRAD is available at https://github.com/Jpickard1/BRAD; Information for pip installation, tutorials, documentation, and further information can be found at: ReadTheDocs.

Indexed as

BiomarkersComputational BiologySoftwareArtificial IntelligenceHumansWorkflowBiomarkers

Identifiers

PMID40323323
PMCPMC12064167

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.