Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40323307›Full record

ArticleBioinformatics (Oxford, England)2025

OLS4: a new Ontology Lookup Service for a growing interdisciplinary knowledge ecosystem.

James McLaughlin, Josh Lagrimas, Haider Iqbal, Helen Parkinson, Henriette Harmse

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Bioinformatics (Oxford, England), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Programmatic access to ICTV virus taxonomy through a public ontology API.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Associating protein residues in the literature with structural data.Acta crystallographica. Section D, Structural biology · 2026
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Calmodulin Interaction Interface with Plasma Membrane CaInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

James McLaughlinSamples, Phenotypes and Ontologies Team (SPOT), EMBL-EBI, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SD, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0002-8361-2795
Josh LagrimasSamples, Phenotypes and Ontologies Team (SPOT), EMBL-EBI, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SD, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0002-6159-600X
Haider IqbalSamples, Phenotypes and Ontologies Team (SPOT), EMBL-EBI, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SD, United Kingdom.
Helen ParkinsonSamples, Phenotypes and Ontologies Team (SPOT), EMBL-EBI, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SD, United Kingdom.
Henriette HarmseSamples, Phenotypes and Ontologies Team (SPOT), EMBL-EBI, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SD, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0001-7251-9504

Funding

The Monarch Initiative: Linking Diseases to Model Organism ResourcesR24OD011883 · OD · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI HAENDEL, MELISSA A, MUNGALL, CHRISTOPHER J · 2012 to 2024
$16.0M
Improvements to the LinkML framework to support the Phenomics First open science resourceRM1HG010860 · NHGRI · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI HAENDEL, MELISSA A, MUNGALL, CHRISTOPHER J · 2020 to 2024
$10.3M
European Union's HORIZON program 101131959NHGRI NIH HHS RM1 HG010860NIH HHS R24 OD011883Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

summaryThe Ontology Lookup Service (OLS) is an open source search engine for ontologies which is used extensively in the bioinformatics and chemistry communities to annotate biological and biomedical data with ontology terms. Recently, there has been a significant increase in the size and complexity of ontologies due to new scales of biological knowledge, such as spatial transcriptomics, new ontology development methodologies, and curation on an increased scale. Existing Web-based tools for ontology browsing such as BioPortal and OntoBee do not support the full range of definitions used by today's ontologies. In order to support the community going forward, we have developed OLS4, implementing the complete OWL2 specification, internationalization support for multiple languages, and a new user interface with UX enhancements such as links out to external databases. OLS4 has replaced OLS3 in production at EMBL-EBI and has a backward compatible API supporting users of OLS3 to transition. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION: The source code of OLS is available at https://github.com/EBISPOT/ols4 and DOI 10.5281/zenodo.14960290 with Apache 2.0 License. A freely available implementation is accessible at https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols4.

Indexed as

Biological OntologiesComputational BiologySearch EngineSoftwareUser-Computer Interface

Identifiers

PMID40323307
PMCPMC12094816

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.