ArticleThe Australasian journal of dermatology2025
Lichen Planus Following COVID-19 Infection and Vaccination. Matched Case-Control Study.
Article in The Australasian journal of dermatology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundNew-onset lichen planus (LP) development following COVID-19 infection/vaccination is reported. Since case series cannot be used to study exposure-outcome associations, we designed this matched case-control study to investigate whether COVID-19-related events and de novo LP are associated.
methodsPatients with histologically confirmed LP, newly diagnosed at the National Research Center of Dermato-Venereology of Moscow (September 2020-December 2022), were considered. Sex/age/ethnicity-matched controls attending the same Center in the same period for consultations on conditions unrelated to LP were selected. Cases/controls with known LP trigger factors were excluded. COVID-19-related events were: symptomatic COVID-19 (PCR-confirmed), and COVID-19 vaccination (viral vector vaccine) occurred ≤ 1 month before the visit at the Center. The association between COVID-19-related events and LP was assessed with conditional (Mantel-Haenszel method) and unconditional (logistic regression analysis adjusted for sex, age, and smoking) analyses. Subgroup analysis, with COVID-19 infection and vaccination treated separately, and sensitivity analysis on another group of patients with suspected LP, not confirmed histologically, were also made.
resultsFifty-five case-control pairs were considered. Mean age (51 years), sex (56.4% females) and ethnicity (100% whites) distributions were the same in both groups. Conditional and unconditional odds ratios resulted 7.50 (95% Confidence Interval -95CI, 1.72-32.80), 4.45 (95CI, 1.63-12.15), respectively (p < 0.05). Subgroup analysis confirmed the association between symptomatic infection and LP, while sensitivity analysis corroborated the results of the primary analysis.
conclusionsThis observational study, reporting a strong significant association between COVID-19 infection/vaccination and de-novo LP, suggests that COVID-19-related events, especially infection, could act as LP trigger factors.
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