Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40322721›Full record

ArticleJournal of clinical medicine research2025

Relative, Conditional, and Overall Survival and Causes of Death in Patients With Glioblastoma: A Retrospective Longitudinal Cohort Study.

Khaled Saad, Anas Elgenidy, Eman F Gad, Yasser Hamed, Amir Aboelgheet, Mazen M Zidan, Nada A Alsayed, Mohammad Alzu'bi, Ahmed A Abdelfattah, Marwan H Abdulrahim and 11 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Journal of clinical medicine research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

21 authors.

Khaled SaadDepartment of Pediatrics, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
Anas ElgenidyDepartment of Neurology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Eman F GadDepartment of Pediatrics, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
Yasser HamedDepartment of Neurology, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt.
Amir AboelgheetDepartment of Pediatrics, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
Mazen M ZidanFaculty of Medicine, Misr University for Science and Technology, Cairo, Egypt.
Nada A AlsayedFaculty of Medicine, Misr University for Science and Technology, Cairo, Egypt.
Mohammad Alzu'biFaculty of Medicine, Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan.
Ahmed A AbdelfattahFaculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
Marwan H AbdulrahimFaculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Shady SapoorFaculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt.
Doaa Ali GamalDepartment of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
Usama El-ShokhaibyDepartment of Neurosurgery, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
Hassan Ahmed HashemDepartment of Neurology, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt.
Amira ElhoufeyDepartment of Community Health Nursing, Alddrab University College, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
Thamer A M AlruwailiDepartment of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia.
Hoda Atef Abdelsattar IbrahimDepartment of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Kawashty Ragab MohamedDepartment of Neurology, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt.
Khalid Hashim MahmoudDepartment of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Shaqra University, Dawadmi, Saudi Arabia.
Mohamad-Hani TemsahPediatric Intensive Care Unit, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Sandra AhmedDepartment of Neurology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Our goal in this manuscript was to perform a survival analysis and understand the causes of death (CODs) in patients with glioblastoma using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using version 8.3.9.2 of SEER*Stat software to extract data from the SEER 17 Plus database. Patients with World Health Organization (WHO) grade IV glioblastoma diagnosed between 2000 and 2019 were included to calculate overall survival (OS), relative survival (RS), and conditional survival. R software was used to calculate univariate and multivariate Cox regression models for age, sex, and race to identify their effect on survival. Results: We included 45,071 patients with grade IV glioblastoma according to WHO 2016 classification. The observed 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year survival rates showed a decline to 40.1%, 9.8%, and 5.2%, respectively. Similarly, the relative 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year survival rates were 40.7%, 10.2%, and 5.4%, respectively. The conditional 3-year survival rates improved up to 16.9%, 42.9%, and 60.2% after 1, 3, and 5 years of survival, correspondingly, with females showing better estimates. The most common cancer CODs were the brain and other central nervous system (CNS) cancers. Among non-glioblastoma cancer CODs, breast cancer was the most common cause. Additionally, cardiovascular diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, and septicemia were the most common non-cancer CODs. Conclusion: In this study, patients with glioblastoma showed a sharp decline in OS and RS over time after diagnosis. However, there was a notable improvement in conditional 3-year survival over time. Cardiovascular diseases emerged as the most common non-cancer COD, with lower survival rates in males and advanced age.

Indexed as

Cause of deathGlioblastomaNon-cancer mortalitySEER programSurvival rate

Identifiers

PMID40322721
PMCPMC12045778

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.