ArticleThe Pan African medical journal2025
Effect of menstruation on school attendance of girls along with water, sanitation, and hygiene services in Northwest Ethiopia.
Article in The Pan African medical journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- WASH facility adequacy and school attendance during menstruation among secondary school girls in Nasarawa West, Nigeria: a cross-sectional study.Reproductive health · 2026Article
- The impact of dysmenorrhea on academic performance and coping strategies: lived experiences of female students in Ethiopian public universities.BMC women's health · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Introduction: menstruation significantly affects schoolgirls' academic attendance and performance. This study aims to explore the relationship between monthly menstruation along with the availability of water, sanitation and hygiene services, and school attendance among schoolgirls. Methods: a mixed-method cross-sectional study was conducted between March 2022 and August 2023. Study participants were selected using systematic random and purposive sampling techniques for quantitative and qualitative, respectively. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect information from students. Focus group discussions were conducted among mothers of schoolgirls and interreligious council members, and in-depth and key informant interviews were used to gather information from parent-teacher-student association chairpersons and the vice head and head of the Education and Health department offices, respectively. Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS version 27, and qualitative data used ATLAS.ti. The Chi-square test and binary logistic regression were used to assess the statistical significance of the relationship among variables, ensuring the thoroughness and validity of the research. Results: in this study, more than half of the schoolgirls, 389 (55.50%), missed school days due to menstruation and related factors, and on average, the schoolgirls missed 2.08 (±0.87) days per month. Factors such as WASH facilities (χ Conclusion: in the study area, a significant number (55.50%) of schoolgirls missed school days due to menstrual-related factors. The identified factors in the quantitative study were also supported by the themes emerging from the qualitative study. The identified modifiable factors are the areas of intervention that can increase schoolgirls´ school attendance.
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