ArticleMedical archives (Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina)2025
Serum Concentrations of IL-18, IL-21, IL-22, IL-23, IL-27, and IL-31 in Patients With Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis and Their Correlation With Disease Severity.
Article in Medical archives (Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are life-threatening conditions marked by extensive epidermal necrolysis and skin sloughing. Objective: The study aimed to assess the serum levels of specific proinflammatory interleukins (IL-18, -21, 22, -23, -27, and -31) and their relationship with the severity of SJS/TEN within the Vietnamese population. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from 2018 to 2020. Serum levels of IL-18, -21, -22, -23, -27, and -31 were measured using the fluorescence covalent microbead immunosorbent assay. Results: The study included 61 patients (29 males and 32 females; 21 with SJS and 40 with TEN), with a median age of 51 years (interquartile range: 37-58), and 20 healthy controls. The median lesional area covered 45% of the body surface area (interquartile range: 8-70%). The most frequently identified medications were traditional medicine (19 patients; 31.15%), allopurinol (9 patients; 14.75%), and carbamazepine (8 patients; 13.11%). In the TEN group, the serum level of IL-18 was significantly elevated compared to the healthy control group. A correlation was found between serum levels of IL-18 and IL-27 and the lesional area in SJS/TEN patients, as well as between serum levels of IL-18 and IL-31 and the lesional area in TEN patients. Conclusion: Serum levels of IL-18 were increased in TEN group. Additionally, serum concentrations of IL-18, IL-27, and IL-31 were associated with disease severity as indicated by the lesional area. These interleukins may play an important role in the pathogenesis of SJS/TEN.
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