ArticleClinical and experimental vaccine research2025
Study of the effectiveness of combined rabies-tetanus vaccine as compared to individual vaccines.
Article in Clinical and experimental vaccine research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Integrating non-neonatal tetanus vaccination into an emergency department rabies PEP clinic: Real-world workload, documentation gaps, and VAERS-informed observation priorities.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Purpose: Effective treatment for animal bites is essential, encompassing immediate measures and protocols for rabies and tetanus vaccination. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of the administration of individual and combined rabies-tetanus (RT) vaccines in mice as model animals. Materials and Methods: Animal groups were injected with either undiluted Toxovac Results: All tested vaccines were potent except Spurf; tetanus was not potent. Rabies' immunogenicity for all combinations through both routes of administration showed comparable antibody response & non-significant difference (p≥0.05) at days 14 and 28 compared to single rabies injected by 2 IP doses. Tetanus' immunogenicity in combinations was compared with Toxovac Conclusion: The immune response to rabies in combination vaccine injected as a single SC dose was as effective as 2 IP doses of single vaccine. Our results highlight the potential of RT combination vaccine via SC as a cost-effective means to provide protective immunity.
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Registered trials
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