Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40321124›Full record

ArticleInternational health2025

Childbirth experiences for women living with HIV in Kilimanjaro, Tanzania: a mixed method study on respectful maternity care.

Mariam L Barabara, Melissa H Watt, Virginie Marchand, Linda M Minja, Maya J Stephens, Gileard G Masenga, Blandina T Mmbaga, Susanna R Cohen

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Mariam L BarabaraDepartment of Midwifery, KCMC University, P.O. Box 2240, Moshi, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania.ORCID 0000-0002-6583-9056
Melissa H WattDepartment of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Utah, 295 Chipeta Way, Salt Lake City, UT 84102, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1317-3536
Virginie MarchandDuke University, School of Medicine, DUMC 2927, 40 Duke Medicine Circle, 124 Davison Building, Durham, NC 27710, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8485-2021
Linda M MinjaKilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, P.O. Box 2236, Moshi, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania.ORCID 0000-0002-3627-6733
Maya J StephensDepartment of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Utah, 295 Chipeta Way, Salt Lake City, UT 84102, USA.ORCID 0009-0006-6969-1876
Gileard G MasengaDepartment of Midwifery, KCMC University, P.O. Box 2240, Moshi, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania.ORCID 0000-0002-7708-9360
Blandina T MmbagaDepartment of Midwifery, KCMC University, P.O. Box 2240, Moshi, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania.ORCID 0000-0002-5550-1916
Susanna R CohenDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology. University of Utah, 30 N 1900 E #2B200 SOM, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9198-8610

Funding

A simulation and experiential learning intervention for labor and delivery providers to address HIV stigma during childbirth in TanzaniaR21TW012001 · FIC · UNIVERSITY OF UTAH · PI COHEN, SUSANNA ROSE, WATT, MELISSA H · 2021 to 2022
$388k
FIC NIH HHS R21 TW012001NIH HHS R21 TW012001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundRespectful maternity care (RMC) is important for women living with human immunodeficiency virus (WLHIV) to promote their well-being and long-term healthcare engagement. This descriptive mixed-methods study explored the experiences of RMC during childbirth among WLHIV in Tanzania.

methodsWe conducted a mixed-methods study and recruited 103 WLHIV from six healthcare facilities within 48 h of giving birth. Participants completed a survey using audio computer-assisted self-interview survey technology. In-depth interviews were conducted with 12 pregnant WLHIV and 12 postpartum WLHIV.

resultsIn the survey, self-reported RMC was overall high. The median score on the full RMC scale (possible range 0-100) was 74.4, with the highest scores in the subscale of dignity and respect (83.3), followed by supportive care (77.8) and communication and autonomy (62.9). Qualitative data suggested a general appreciation of the care received, but some participants reported that providers neglected them, avoided physical contact or did not seek their consent for procedures.

conclusionsThese data suggest an opportunity for additional provider training in clinical empathy and patient-centred practices to address the unique needs of WLHIV and enhance their overall maternity care satisfaction and health outcomes. There is also a need for investments in clinical infrastructure to support the delivery of RMC.

Indexed as

HIV InfectionsMaternal Health ServicesParturitionPatient SatisfactionPregnancy Complications, InfectiousRespectAdultFemaleHumansInterviews as TopicPregnancyQualitative ResearchSurveys and QuestionnairesTanzaniaYoung Adultchildbirth experiencesHIVmixed-methods studypostpartumrespectful maternity careTanzania

Identifiers

PMID40321124
PMCPMC12585578

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.