Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40320466›Full record

ArticleClinical oral investigations2025

3D palatal superimposition in adolescent orthodontic patients treated without extractions: method validation.

Caroline Heni, Eva Henninger, Pawel Pazera, Georgios Vasilakos, Nikolaos Gkantidis

Abstract readValidation Study
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical oral investigations, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Caroline HeniDepartment of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, CH-3010, Switzerland.
Eva HenningerDepartment of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, CH-3010, Switzerland.
Pawel PazeraDepartment of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, CH-3010, Switzerland.
Georgios VasilakosPrivate Practice, Frankfurter Strasse 610, 51145, Cologne, Germany.
Nikolaos GkantidisDepartment of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, CH-3010, Switzerland. nikolaos.gkantidis@unibe.ch.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThis study investigated the morphological stability, trueness and precision of four palatal areas (A: medial 2/3 of third ruga and 5 mm posteriorly; B: A + additional 5 mm posteriorly; C: A + additional 6 mm wide stripe on midpalatal suture; D: almost whole palate) used for 3D superimposition of serial maxillary dental models in growing orthodontic patients treated without extractions. MATERIALS AND

methodsA retrospective sample of 25 growing patients with pre- (T0) and post- (T1) treatment 3D dental models was used. Morphological stability was assessed using color-coded distance maps generated from superimposed T0 and T1 models. Trueness was determined by measuring the Mean Absolute Distances (MAD) within Area A between T0 and T1 models after superimposition. Precision was evaluated through the assessment of T0-T1 changes in three preselected teeth.

resultsTreatment and growth modified the palatal surface morphology at the 0.5 mm level. Trueness remained below 0.3 mm in most cases for Areas A, B, and C, with a reduced level observed for Area D. The precision outcome was significantly affected with respect to tooth torque and rotations. Area D showed the best precision, followed by B, C, and A. Area B showed the best agreement to Area C. The overall assessment favored Area B.

conclusionConsidering overall performance, area B is recommended as the area of choice for superimposing pre-to post-orthodontic treatment maxillary dental models of growing individuals treated without extractions. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The suggested palatal superimposition method is broadly applicable and ensures reliable assessment of morphological changes through the superimposition of serial maxillary dental models.

Indexed as

Imaging, Three-DimensionalModels, DentalOrthodontics, CorrectivePalateAdolescentChildFemaleHumansMaleRetrospective StudiesDigital dental modelGrowing patientsOrthodontic treatmentPalatal rugaeThree-dimensional superimposition

Identifiers

PMID40320466
PMCPMC12050233

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.