Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40319419›Full record

GuidelineArchives of osteoporosis2025

National guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis in Slovakia.

Juraj Payer, Peter Jackuliak, Peter Vaňuga, Zdenko Killinger, Soňa Dubecká, Martin Kužma

Abstract readPractice Guideline
In one paragraph

Guideline in Archives of osteoporosis, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Juraj Payer5th Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, University Hospital Bratislava, Ružinovská 6, 82101, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Peter Jackuliak5th Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, University Hospital Bratislava, Ružinovská 6, 82101, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Peter Vaňuga5th Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, University Hospital Bratislava, Ružinovská 6, 82101, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Zdenko Killinger5th Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, University Hospital Bratislava, Ružinovská 6, 82101, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Soňa Dubecká5th Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, University Hospital Bratislava, Ružinovská 6, 82101, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Martin Kužma5th Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, University Hospital Bratislava, Ružinovská 6, 82101, Bratislava, Slovakia. kuzma4@uniba.sk.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundOsteoporosis is a chronic, systemic skeletal disease characterized by decreased bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration, leading to increased fracture risk. In Slovakia, its prevalence is estimated at 6%, with substantial health, social, and economic burdens.

objectiveThe Slovak national guideline provides an overview for the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of osteoporosis in Slovakia, reflecting recent scientific advances and recommendations from international bodies.

methodsThe guidelines were developed by a multidisciplinary expert panel and officially adopted by the Ministry of Health of the Slovak Republic. They are based on current evidence and international standards, including FRAX, IOF, ISCD, and ESCEO recommendations.

resultsDiagnosis involves clinical risk assessment, biochemical testing, and imaging-primarily DXA and trabecular bone score. FRAX with or without BMD enhances risk stratification. Osteoporosis is categorized as primary or secondary. Prevention strategies include lifestyle modification, calcium and vitamin D supplementation, and fall risk reduction. Pharmacologic treatment includes antiresorptive agents (bisphosphonates, denosumab, SERMs), osteoanabolic (teriparatide, romosozumab), and hormone therapy when indicated. Sequential treatment strategies are emphasized, particularly in high-risk individuals. Treatment monitoring includes bone turnover markers and periodic DXA.  

conclusionsThe Slovak guidelines provide a comprehensive and pragmatic approach for the management of osteoporosis across all stages, emphasizing early diagnosis, personalized treatment, and long-term fracture prevention. They align with European and global best practices and support clinical decision-making across specialties.

Indexed as

OsteoporosisAbsorptiometry, PhotonBone DensityBone Density Conservation AgentsFemaleHumansOsteoporotic FracturesRisk AssessmentSlovakiaBone Density Conservation AgentsAntiresorptive therapyCalciumFractureOsteoanabolic therapyOsteoporosisPreventionTherapyVitamin D

Identifiers

PMID40319419
PMCPMC12050228

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.