Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40319132›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Enhancing smart contract security using a code representation and GAN based methodology.

Dileep Kumar Murala, Samia Loucif, K Vara Prasada Rao, Habib Hamam

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Dileep Kumar MuralaDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, ICFAI Foundation for Higher Education, Hyderabad, 501203, Telangana, India. drdileepm@ifheindia.org.
Samia LoucifCollege of Technological Innovation, Zayed University, P.O. Box 144534, Abu Dhabi, UAE. Samia.Loucif@zu.ac.ae.
K Vara Prasada RaoDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, ICFAI Foundation for Higher Education, Hyderabad, 501203, Telangana, India.
Habib HamamFaculty of Engineering, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB, E1A3E9, Canada.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Smart contracts are changing many business areas with blockchain technology, but they still have vulnerabilities that can cause major financial losses. Because deployed smart contracts (SCs) are irreversible once deployed, fixing these vulnerabilities before deployment is critical. This research introduces a new method that combines code embedding with Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) to find integer overflow vulnerabilities in smart contracts. Using Abstract Syntax Trees, we can vectorize the source code of smart contracts while keeping all of the important contract characteristics and going beyond what can be achieved with conventional textual or structural analysis. Synthesizing contract vector data using GANs alleviates data scarcity and facilitates source code acquisition for training our detection system. The proposed method is very good at finding vulnerabilities because it uses both GAN discriminator feedback and vector similarity measures based on cosine and correlation coefficients. Experimental results show that our GAN-based proactive analysis method achieves up to 18.1% improvement in accuracy over baseline tools such as Oyente and sFuzz.

Indexed as

Abstract syntax treesBeautyChain (BEC) Token attackBlockchain technologyGenerative adversarial networksProof of weak handSmart contracts

Identifiers

PMID40319132
PMCPMC12049511

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.