Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40317663›Full record

SynthesisEarly intervention in psychiatry2025

Increased Prevalence of Childhood Complex Trauma in Comorbid Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Substance Use Disorders Compared to Either Disorder Alone: A Systematic Review.

Herry Patel, Bethany Easterbrook, Fiona A Ralston, Daria Shariff, Haley Lester, Daniel Landaverde, Erika Lau, Isabella S Davis, Isabel R Aks, Sandra A Brown and 2 more

Abstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Early intervention in psychiatry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Herry PatelDepartment of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6899-103X
Bethany EasterbrookDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8741-9864
Fiona A RalstonDepartment of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3369-8603
Daria ShariffDepartment of Psychology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA.
Haley LesterDepartment of Psychology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA.
Daniel LandaverdeDepartment of Psychology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA.
Erika LauDepartment of Psychology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA.
Isabella S DavisDepartment of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4397-3863
Isabel R AksDepartment of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7243-0690
Sandra A BrownDepartment of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8780-0323
Susan F TapertDepartment of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7259-6112
William E PelhamDepartment of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1480-570X

Funding

Interpretable Deep Forecasting of Hazardous Substance Use during High SchoolR01DA057567 · NIDA · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Kilian Maria Pohl, Susan F. Tapert · 2022 to 2026
$2.3M
Family processes underlying adolescent substance use and conduct problems: disentangling correlation and causationK08DA055935 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI William Ellerbe Pelham III · 2022 to 2026
$959k
Development of practical screening tools to support targeted prevention of early, high-risk drinking substance useR21DA058314 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI PELHAM III, WILLIAM ELLERBE · 2023 to 2024
$592k
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on adolescent drinking in a longitudinal cohort spanning 21 U.S. citiesR21AA030197 · NIAAA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI PELHAM III, WILLIAM ELLERBE · 2022 to 2023
$447k
California Department of Cannabis Control 93305CIHR BPF-186533NIAAA NIH HHS AA030197NIAAA NIH HHS R21 AA030197NIDA NIH HHS DA055935NIDA NIH HHS DA058314NIDA NIH HHS K08 DA055935NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA057567NIDA NIH HHS R21 DA058314
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveChildhood complex trauma (CCT) prevalence among individuals with comorbid posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and substance use disorder (SUD) is unknown. We conducted a meta-analysis to compare CCT prevalence in samples of PTSD alone, SUD alone and comorbid PTSD+SUD.

methodA systematic review of PTSD, CCT and SUD literature was conducted using online databases. Binary outcome meta-analytic models were fitted comparing CCT prevalence in comorbid PTSD + SUD to PTSD and SUD only.

resultsSeven studies were included, and estimates for CCT prevalence were higher, on average, among individuals with comorbid PTSD+SUD (35%-78%) compared to PTSD alone (4%-70%) and SUD alone (2%-65%). A meta-analysis of four studies indicated individuals with comorbid PTSD+SUD were 18% more likely to have experienced CCT compared to individuals with PTSD only (RR = 1.18, 95% CI [1.13, 1.25]) and 24% more likely compared to individuals with SUD only (RR = 1.24, 95% CI [1.20, 1.29]).

conclusionsFurther research is needed to establish a more accurate prevalence rate for individuals with comorbid PTSD and SUD. Evidence of greater CCT prevalence will inform research study design and clinical targets during treatment for individuals with comorbid PTSD and SUD.

Indexed as

Adverse Childhood ExperiencesStress Disorders, Post-TraumaticSubstance-Related DisordersComorbidityHumansPrevalencechildhood complex traumacomorbidityprevalencerisk(s)adverse childhood experiences

Identifiers

PMID40317663
PMCPMC12111761

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.