ArticleRetrovirology2025
HTLV-1 Japanese subgroup in Brazil: phylogenetic and migratory history.
Article in Retrovirology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Correction: HTLV-1 Japanese subgroup in Brazil: phylogenetic and migratory history.Retrovirology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe retrovirus Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 is classified into different subtypes, and due to its low evolutionary rates, it can be used to explore geographic patterns of origin and dispersion of human populations. In Brazil, Transcontinental and Japanese subgroups, from the Cosmopolitan subtype, are the more common lineages, with prevalence rates notably higher among Japanese immigrants and their descendants. The study aimed to trace the history and circulation of the Japanese subgroup in Brazil using phylogenetic and populational analyses.
methodsA total of 381 HTLV-1 long terminal repeat region sequences were retrieved from the GenBank database. Phylogenetic and molecular clock analysis were performed using Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference methods. A median-joining network was constructed to assess the relationships among the haplotypes of the Japanese subgroup.
resultsThis study found that the HTLV-1 LTR sequences from Japanese immigrants and their descendants in Brazil formed two major clades, Transcontinental (HTLV-1aTC) and Japanese (HTLV-1aJpn). Seventy-four haplotypes were identified in the haplotype network and the estimate of Japanese clade divergence dates 18,748 years ago (95% CI13,348 to 24,767 years).
conclusionOur study corroborates the recent migratory movements as the potential mechanism for HTLV-1aJpn introduction in Brazil.
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