Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40317029›Full record

ArticleBMC psychology2025

Mental health help-seeking among Korean men: the influence of stigma, masculine norms, and face.

Soomin Kim, Dongil Kim

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC psychology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Soomin KimCollege of Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Dongil KimCollege of Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. dikimedu@snu.ac.kr.

Funding

National Research Foundation of Korea NRF-2020S1A3A2A02103411
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPrevious studies have found that Asians and men are more susceptible to the stigma and stereotypes associated with mental illness. This social perception makes it difficult for Korean men to seek professional psychological help even when they desperately need it. The primary objectives of this study were to investigate barriers to mental health help-seeking among Korean men and to identify the role of sociocultural factors.

methodsA total of 341 Korean men aged 19 to 59 years participated in an online survey, which included questionnaires on loss of face, self-stigma of seeking help, attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help, and conformity to masculine norms. Structural Equation Modeling was used to explore the relationships among these variables.

resultsThe results revealed that loss of face indirectly affected attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help (ATSPPH) through its mediating effect on self-stigma. Loss of face did not directly influence ATSPPH. Furthermore, conformity to masculine norms negatively affected ATSPPH, and self-stigma mediated this relationship.

conclusionThese findings highlight the importance of understanding the influence of sociocultural factors in encouraging Korean men to seek help. The ultimate goal is to foster a social environment that encourages open discussion about mental illness, masculinity, and Asian values.

Indexed as

MasculinityMental DisordersMental Health ServicesPatient Acceptance of Health CareSocial StigmaAdultHumansMaleMiddle AgedRepublic of KoreaSelf ConceptStereotypingSurveys and QuestionnairesYoung AdultAttitudes toward seeking professional psychological helpLoss of faceMasculine normsStigma

Identifiers

PMID40317029
PMCPMC12046740

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.