Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40316988›Full record

ArticleBMC nursing2025

Effects of micro- and macro-stressors and resilience factors on the mental health of parents caring for chronically ill and disabled children and adolescents.

Jan Broll, Sarah K Schäfer, Daniel Lüdecke, Stefan Nickel, Klaus Lieb, Isabella Helmreich

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC nursing, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05418205 (Strengthening and Relieving the Burden on Families With Children in Need of Care Through Family Health Partners [Familien-Gesundheits-Partner; FGP] in Regional Network Structures), which is not on this map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05418205 naunknown statusnot on this map

Strengthening and Relieving the Burden on Families With Children in Need of Care Through Family Health Partners [Familien-Gesundheits-Partner; FGP] in Regional Network Structures

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversitätsklinikum Hamburg-EppendorfRan2022 to 2024Enrolled204ConditionsDisabled or Chronically Ill Children in Need of CareArmsFamilies with FGP support
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Jan BrollLeibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Wallstraße 7, D-55122, Mainz, Germany. jan.broll@lir-mainz.de.
Sarah K SchäferLeibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Wallstraße 7, D-55122, Mainz, Germany.
Daniel LüdeckeInstitute of Medical Sociology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany.
Stefan NickelInstitute of Medical Sociology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany.
Klaus LiebLeibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Wallstraße 7, D-55122, Mainz, Germany.
Isabella HelmreichLeibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Wallstraße 7, D-55122, Mainz, Germany.

Funding

Innovation Fund of the Federal Joint Committee (G-BA) 01VSF20004
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThis study examines the impact of non-care-related stressors and resilience factors on the mental health of caregivers for chronically ill and disabled children. It aims to identify the daily stressors and protective factors most relevant to caregiver well-being.

methodsA total of 202 caregivers (predominantly female, aged 25-59) participated in a survey measuring exposure to daily micro-stressors, such as household tasks and financial pressures, and macro-stressors, such as significant life events. Resilience factors, including social support and internal locus of control, were also assessed. Descriptive statistics and regression analyses explored the relationship between stressors, resilience factors, and psychological distress.

resultsMicro-stressors were strongly associated with higher levels of psychological distress, underscoring the cumulative burden of frequent, daily stressors. In contrast, macro-stressors had no significant impact on distress, possibly due to their lower frequency or differences in perception. Resilience factors, particularly social support and internal locus of control, buffered against distress, demonstrating their protective role. Internal locus of control moderated the relationship between micro-stressors and distress, indicating that caregivers who felt greater personal control over their circumstances were better able to manage the negative effects of daily stressors.

conclusionsThe findings highlight the significant toll of daily micro-stressors on caregivers' mental health and emphasize the important role of resilience factors in mitigating this burden. Strengthening caregivers' social networks and fostering internal control beliefs could be key components of interventions designed to improve their well-being. These results suggest that supporting caregivers is essential not only to enhance their quality of life but also to sustain their caregiving roles. Further research should investigate the long-term effects of interventions targeting resilience and explore additional protective factors that may buffer against daily stressors in this vulnerable population. These findings have important implications for disability and rehabilitation services aiming to provide holistic caregiver support.

trial registrationDRKS00027465, 2022-01-04 (German Clinical Trials Register); NCT05418205, 2022-03-01 (ClinicalTrials.gov).

Indexed as

ChildDisabilitiesMental healthParentsProtective factorsResilience

Identifiers

PMID40316988
PMCPMC12046739

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.