ReviewMolecular neurobiology2025
The Influence of the Probiotics, Ketogenic Diets, and Gut Microbiota on Epilepsy and Epileptic Models: A Comprehensive Review.
Review in Molecular neurobiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Probiotics in epilepsy treatment: a meta-analysis of efficacy and safety.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Pooled it
- The gut microbiome and drug-resistant epilepsy: Microbiome-antiseizure medication interactions and implications for pharmacoresistance.Epilepsia open · 2026Review
- The gut microbiota mediates the antidepressant effects of imipramine: Evidence from fecal microbiota transplantation and prebiotic inulin intervention.Psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- From association to intervention: Semantic trajectories and knowledge frontiers in epilepsy-gut microbiota research revealed by bibliometrics and NLP.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2026Review
- Oxidative Stress-Gut Microbiome Crosstalk: Intestinal Redox Imbalance and Probiotics Therapeutic Potential.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Alteration of Gut Microbiota by Ketogenic Diet as an Alternative Therapeutic Target for Drug-Resistant Epilepsy.Microorganisms · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
About one-third of epilepsies are resistant to antiepileptic drugs; thus, uncovering new pathways in the pathophysiology of epilepsy can reduce the global disease burden. Probiotics are live, non-pathogenic microorganisms that benefit the host by regulating the gut microbiome. This review aims to study the effect of probiotics and ketogenic diets on gut microbiota and their potential as a therapy for epilepsy. We conducted a systematic search of the databases PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and the Web of Science for pertinent studies that have been published. Our search methodology was meticulously structured to be exhaustive, integrating targeted keywords and Boolean operators to guarantee the acquisition of all potentially pertinent articles. Probiotics interact with the gut microbiome, balance its composition, and influence the gut-brain axis. Moreover, they reduce neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. The ketogenic diet (KD) affects gut bacteria, influencing neurotransmitter levels and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which play a role in the gut-brain axis. Studies have shown the positive effects of various probiotics in animal models of epilepsy. They demonstrate improvements in seizure activity, anxiety, and neuroinflammation. In human studies, probiotics reduced seizure frequency and enhanced quality of life in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. We believe using probiotics or dietary interventions like KD could be a promising therapeutic strategy for managing epilepsy. This could reduce seizure frequency and make life better for patients with epilepsy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
40316878What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.