Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40316747›Full record

ArticleSurgical endoscopy2025

Appropriate use of tissue sampling and somatostatin receptor PET imaging in the diagnosis of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: results of an International Delphi Consensus.

Megan Casey, Francesca Tozzi, Jaeyun Wang, Keon Min Park, Emily Bergsland, Thomas Hope, Hagen F Kennecke, J Bart Rose, Michele Babicky, Shayan S Irani and 10 more

Abstract readConsensus Statement
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Surgical endoscopy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors.

Megan CaseyDepartment of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7304-2805
Francesca TozziDepartment of General, Hepatopancreaticobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
Jaeyun WangDepartment of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA.
Keon Min ParkDepartment of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA.
Emily BergslandDepartment of Medicine, Division of Hematology Oncology, San Francisco (UCSF) and UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
Thomas HopeDepartment of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
Hagen F KenneckeProvidence Cancer Institute, Portland, USA.
J Bart RoseDivision of Surgical Oncology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, USA.
Michele BabickyProvidence Portland Medical Center, The Oregon Clinic, Portland, USA.
Shayan S IraniDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Virginia Mason Medical Centre, Seattle, USA.
Kevin M El-HayekDepartment of Surgery, The MetroHealth System, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, USA.
Mohammad Abu HilalDepartment of Surgery, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
Horacio J AsbunDivision of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, Miami Cancer Institute, Miami, USA.
Sean ClearyDivision of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
Peter SmeetsDepartment of Radiology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
Frederik BerrevoetDepartment of General, Hepatopancreaticobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
Mohamed AdamDivision of Surgical Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA.
Niki RashidianDepartment of General, Hepatopancreaticobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
Adnan AlseidiDivision of Surgical Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA. Adnan.alseidi@ucsf.edu.
PNET Diagnosis Research Group

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCurrent guidelines lack clarity regarding the appropriate use of preoperative ultrasound-guided (EUS) biopsy and receptor positron emission tomography (SSTR PET) imaging for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs). This study aims to reach expert consensus on the optimal sequencing of SSTR PET and EUS biopsy in the diagnostic workup and management of patients with suspected PNETs.

methodsA three-round modified Delphi process was used. A multidisciplinary panel of experts was recruited via snowball sampling. A set of 22 baseline statements pertaining to diagnostic workup, imaging, and biopsy was developed based on literature review and feedback obtained through a focus group. Survey rounds were conducted electronically and anonymously. A panel of international experts was asked to indicate whether they agreed, disagreed, or lacked the appropriate background to answer each statement. Of the 55 experts invited, 38 (69%) accepted to participate. Consensus was achieved with > 80% agreement.

resultsResponse rates were 97%, 100%, and 100% in rounds 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Following rounds 1 and 2, 29 final statements achieved consensus in the following three domains: diagnostic workup (15 statements), imaging (nine statements), and tissue sampling (five statements). Cronbach's alpha value, a measure of internal consistency, was 0.91 and 0.85 for rounds 1 and 2, respectively. The final set of statements achieved a 95% approval rate in round 3.

conclusionThis international Delphi study provides expert consensus-based guidance on the appropriate use of EUS biopsy in the diagnostic workup of PNETs in the era of SSTR PET imaging.

Indexed as

Neuroendocrine TumorsPancreatic NeoplasmsPositron-Emission TomographyReceptors, SomatostatinDelphi TechniqueEndoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle AspirationEndosonographyHumansReceptors, SomatostatinDiagnostic protocolExpert consensusPancreatic neuroendocrine tumorsSomatostatin receptor positron emission tomographyTissue samplingUltrasound-guided biopsy

Identifiers

PMID40316747
PMCPMC12116717

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.