Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40316669›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Nationwide assessment of COVID-19 ventilator and non-invasive respiratory support burden during the early pandemic in the United States.

Shinya Matsuzaki, Kazuhide Matsushima, Denise S McIntyre, Bonnie B Song, Rachel S Mandelbaum, Tsuyoshi Hisa, Maximilian Klar, Laila I Muderspach, Jason D Wright, Koji Matsuo

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Shinya MatsuzakiDepartment of Gynecology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan. zacky@gyne.med.osaka-u.ac.jp.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5725-9994
Kazuhide MatsushimaDivision of Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Denise S McIntyreDivision of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Los Angeles General Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Bonnie B SongDivision of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Los Angeles General Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Rachel S MandelbaumDivision of Reproductive Endocrinology & Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Tsuyoshi HisaDepartment of Gynecology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan.
Maximilian KlarDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Laila I MuderspachDivision of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Los Angeles General Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Jason D WrightDivision of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA.
Koji MatsuoDivision of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Los Angeles General Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. koji.matsuo@med.usc.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6232-8701

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In this nationwide cross-sectional study of 4,055,462 hospital admissions with a diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from April 2020 to December 2021 identified in the Agency of Healthcare Research and Quality's Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project National Inpatient Sample in the United States, a total of 489,390 (12.1%) patients experienced endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation, with the highest peak in August 2021 (48,735 endotracheal intubations and mechanical ventilation), followed by January 2021 (47,100 endotracheal intubations and mechanical ventilation) and December 2021 (43,835 endotracheal intubations and mechanical ventilation). During the 3-month long large surge from November 2020 to January 2021, a total of 104,750 endotracheal intubations and mechanical ventilation occurred among 1,069,874 COVID-19 admissions. Shock (adjusted-odds ratio 24.21, 95% confidence interval 23.93-24.49) and respiratory failure (adjusted-odds ratio 14.09, 95% confidence interval 13.80-14.38) were the two strongest factors associated with endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation. A total of 266,585 (6.6%) patients received non-invasive respiratory support alone without endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation during the study period with the highest peak in August 2021 (30,725 cases), followed by January 2021 (28,035 cases), and December 2021 (26,200 cases). The utilization of non-invasive respiratory support without endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation increased by nearly three-fold during the 21-month study period (adjusted-odds ratio for the fourth year-quarter of 2021 compared to the second year-quarter of 2020 2.94, 95% confidence interval 2.88-3.00). A total of 515,800 (12.7%) deaths occurred during COVID-19 hospitalization, with highest in the peak of multi-month lasting largest surge (January 2021, 56,775 deaths), followed by August 2021 (47,535 deaths) and December 2021 (46,880 deaths). Among those who deceased following endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation, the median time from admission to death was 14 days (interquartile range 7-21). COVID-19 admissions, respiratory intervention approach, and COVID-19 case fatality differed across the nine U.S. census divisions during the study period. In conclusion, these statistics may be useful to inform the national-level preparedness of global pandemic from respiratory illness in the future, possibly exceeding 48,000 endotracheal intubations and mechanical ventilation across the country in a month and 100,000 endotracheal intubations and mechanical ventilation in three months when encountering long-lasting surge with one-million admissions.

Indexed as

COVID-19Noninvasive VentilationRespiration, ArtificialAdultAgedAged, 80 and overCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHospitalizationHumansIntubation, IntratrachealMaleMiddle AgedPandemicsRespiratory InsufficiencySARS-CoV-2COVID-19; Coronavirus disease 2019IntubationMechanical ventilationNon-invasive respiratory supportPandemicUnited States

Identifiers

PMID40316669
PMCPMC12048484

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.