ArticlePediatric radiology2025
Knee-ultrasound: reference values for the amount of joint fluid and synovial appearances in healthy children and adolescents.
Article in Pediatric radiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Reliability of CEUS and MRI for grading knee-joint inflammation in juvenile idiopathic arthritis.European radiology · 2026Article
- [Study on the effect of superficial layer damage on cartilage retention performance].Sheng wu yi xue gong cheng xue za zhi = Journal of biomedical engineering = Shengwu yixue gongchengxue zazhi · 2026Article
- ESR Essentials: juvenile idiopathic arthritis; what every radiologist needs to know-practice recommendations by the European Society of Paediatric Radiology.European radiology · 2026Review
- Ultrasonographic features and recurrence risk of transient synovitis of the hip in children: a retrospective study.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundWith increasing ultrasound use, data for the normal amount of joint fluid and synovial appearances are needed.
objectiveTo establish reference values for knee-ultrasound in healthy volunteers by age. To examine the association of joint fluid and synovial appearances with age, sex, and time spent in sports activities. MATERIALS AND
methodsProspective, cross-sectional, including 3-17-year-old volunteers. Examinations were performed by one of two experienced radiologists after meticulous standardisation of the technique. Knees were examined in 30° flexion, in extension and during provocation.
resultsOne hundred twenty-seven volunteers (67 females), median age 10.9 years (percentile 2.5
conclusionThe majority of healthy children have measurable knee joint fluid, more so when examined with a flexed knee and under provocation. Speckles within the joint fluid are seen in one-fourth, especially in males, and the presence of speckles and joint fluid amount are associated with sports-activity.
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