ReviewJournal of neurochemistry2025
Glutathione Metabolism of the Brain-The Role of Astrocytes.
Review in Journal of neurochemistry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed.
- Astrocyte reactivity by alcohol dependence in the central amygdala.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2026Article
- Uptake of L-proline by Cultured Primary Rat Astrocytes.Neurochemical research · 2026Article
- Convergent Astrocytic Failure in Parkinson's Disease: A System-Level Model of Pathogenesis and Treatment.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- The Senescent Phenotype of Cultured Hypothalamic Astrocytes from Rats with Streptozotocin-Induced Dementia.Neurochemical research · 2026Article
- Beyond the Fixed Charge: A New On-Tissue Derivatisation Strategy Employing Photoionisable Chromophores for Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Amino-Containing Metabolites.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2026Article
- Consumption of Fructose by Cultured Primary Rat Astrocytes.Neurochemical research · 2026Article
- Glutathione Biology in Neurodegenerative and Metabolic Diseases: Molecular Mechanisms, Pathophysiological Roles, and Therapeutic Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Astrocyte-Microglia Crosstalk in Post-Hemorrhagic Neurovascular Microenvironment: Mechanistic Nodes, Cross-Stroke Comparisons, and Therapeutic Reprogramming.Translational stroke research · 2026Review
- A Function-Centric Framework for Mitochondrial Quality Control.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Acute anti-obesity treatment with celastrol reduces body weight, cerebral inflammation and metabolic imbalances in mice.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Article
- Reimagining the contribution of iron in Parkinson's disease.Neurobiology of disease · 2026Review
- Genistein Protects Against Lead-Induced Cognitive Impairment Through a Glutathione-Dependent Redox-Mitochondrial Apoptosis Axis.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Lineage-Dependent Regulation of Glutathione Homeostasis by EAAC1 and GTRAP3-18 During Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Neuron-like Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- β-Lapachone-Induced Oxidative Stress Causes PARP-Dependent NADNeurochemical research · 2026Article
- Pharmacological Ascorbate Restrains Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Invasion in Glioblastoma Cells via Extracellular HInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Lysophospholipids in Synucleinopathies: A Conceptual Framework Linking Proteostasis and Neuroinflammatory Signaling.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- Astrocyte Reactivity by Alcohol Dependence in the Central Amygdala.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: Unraveling the Mitophagy-Oxidative Stress Axis for Neuroprotective Strategies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- [Application of chromatography-mass spectrometry in the clinical analysis of multiple sclerosis].Se pu = Chinese journal of chromatography · 2026Review
- Metabolic Reprogramming by Andrographolide: Enhanced Pentose Phosphate Pathway and Antioxidant Capacity in Cortical Astrocytes.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Astrocytes have essential functions in the brain as partners of neurons in many metabolic and homeostatic processes. The metabolism of the tripeptide GSH (γ-L-glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine) is an important example of a metabolic interaction between astrocytes and neurons. GSH is present in brain cells in millimolar concentrations and has essential functions as an antioxidant and as a substrate for detoxification reactions. A high GSH content protects astrocytes against oxidative stress and toxins and is therefore beneficial for the astrocytic self-defense that helps to maintain the essential functions of astrocytes in the brain and will enable astrocytes to eliminate potential toxins before they may reach other brain cells. In addition, astrocytes provide neurons with the amino acids required for GSH synthesis in a process that involves the export of GSH from astrocytes by the multidrug resistance protein 1, the extracellular processing of GSH via the astrocytic γ-glutamyl transpeptidase to generate the dipeptide cysteinyl-glycine, and the extracellular cleavage of this dipeptide by the neuronal ectopeptidase aminopeptidase N. As GSH export from astrocytes strongly depends on the cytosolic GSH concentration, a high astrocytic GSH content will also facilitate GSH release and thereby the supply of GSH precursors to neighboring neurons. In this article, we will give an overview of the current knowledge on the GSH metabolism of astrocytes, address how a high astrocytic GSH content can help to maintain brain functions, and discuss open questions and future perspectives of research on the functions of astrocytes in the GSH metabolism of the healthy and diseased brain.
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