Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40311777›Full record

ArticleContraception2025

Future reproductive outcomes and contraceptive access in the first year postpartum after non-receipt of postpartum permanent contraception.

Jonas J Swartz, Tracy Truong, Maria I Rodriguez, Geeta K Swamy, Keisha Bentley-Edwards, Kavita S Arora, Emily Chen, Nicola Young, Esmé D Trahair, Megan Happ and 3 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Contraception, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Jonas J SwartzDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA; Duke-Margolis Institute for Health Policy, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA. Electronic address: Jonas.swartz@duke.edu.
Tracy TruongDepartment of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
Maria I RodriguezDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA.
Geeta K SwamyDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
Keisha Bentley-EdwardsSamuel Dubois Cook Center on Social Equity, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
Kavita S AroraDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Emily ChenDepartment of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Nicola YoungDuke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
Esmé D TrahairDuke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
Megan HappDuke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
Kamryn LocklearUniversity of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Alaattin ErkanliDepartment of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
Evan R MyersDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.

Funding

Support for QA/QC for Prior Approval ProcessUL1TR002553 · NCATS · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI LI, JENNIFER S, MCNAMARA, JAMES O. · 2018 to 2023
$58.5M
Duke Women's Reproductive Health Research ScholarsK12HD103083 · NICHD · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI Cindy Amundsen · 2020 to 2026
$2.2M
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR002553NICHD NIH HHS K12 HD103083
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveOur objective was to compare pregnancy, contraceptive uptake, and health care utilization in the 365 days following delivery, between those who requested and did not receive permanent contraception and those who requested other types of postpartum contraception. STUDY

designThis was a retrospective cohort study of 1412 patients among 5688 delivering in 2018 at one health system. Our primary outcome was pregnancy within 365 days postpartum and we compared 207 individuals who requested and did not receive permanent contraception, with 956 who requested other types of contraception. Secondary outcomes included care utilization and contraceptive uptake in the year postpartum.

resultsIndividuals with unfulfilled permanent contraception requests had similar incidence of pregnancy by 365 days postpartum as those planning other types of contraception (9.2% vs 8.6%, p = 0.79), a difference which persisted after adjusting for parity and insurance type. Those with unfulfilled requests returned for postpartum care somewhat less frequently (58.5% vs 66.1%, p = 0.04) but were more likely to use more effective contraception (35.3% vs 17.6%, p < 0.001).

conclusionsWe report future pregnancy incidence among those with unfulfilled permanent contraception similar to patients not requesting permanent contraception. Patients had relatively high rates of postpartum visits and use of highly-effective contraception, demonstrating the value of these services. IMPLICATIONS: Policies facilitating access to contraception and postpartum follow up could help reduce the risk of future pregnancy, even among those unable to access preferred contraception at the time of delivery.

Indexed as

ContraceptionContraception BehaviorHealth Services AccessibilityPatient Acceptance of Health CarePostpartum PeriodAdultFemaleHumansPregnancyRetrospective StudiesYoung AdultHealth disparitiesPermanent contraceptionPostpartum contraceptionSterilizationTubal ligation

Identifiers

PMID40311777
PMCPMC12226223

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.