ReviewFrontiers in immunology2025
HMGB1: new biomarker and therapeutic target of autoimmune and autoinflammatory skin diseases.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed.
- Human biomarker navigator.iMeta · 2026Review
- High Mobility Group Protein B1 Mediates the Role of the Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in the Progression of Acute Myocardial Infarction.Cardiovascular drugs and therapy · 2026Article
- The landscape of protein post-translational modifications in the pathogenesis of acute respiratory distress syndrome.Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Review
- Proteomic Profiling of Optic Nerves From SMOX-Deficient Mice Identifies Regulators of Neuroinflammation and Axonal Damage in Optic Neuritis.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- High mobility group motif proteins' role in fibrosis, inflammation, and vascular injury in systemic sclerosis.Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Review
- Therapeutic potential of glycyrrhizic acid in inflammation-related diseases: from HMGB1-oriented molecular insights to preclinical application.Archives of pharmacal research · 2026Review
- Interference with HMGB1 Inhibits Neuronal Ferroptosis Following Spinal Cord Injury through Targeting ACSL4.Neurochemical research · 2026Article
- Beyond PAD Inhibition: Emerging Avenues and Natural Products for Targeting Citrullination in Immune Diseases.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- HMGB1-Platelet Interactions: Mechanisms and Targeted Therapy Strategies.Thrombosis and haemostasis · 2026Review
- Epithelial-dermal inflammasome crosstalk in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.Molecular biology of the cell · 2026Article
- The spleen-brain axis in Alzheimer's disease and related dementias: Integrating immune and metabolic regulation.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Review
- Enhancement of Psoriasis Treatment by Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex Carbon Dots (PCC-CDs) Through Modulation of the HMGB1/TLR4/MAPK/NF-κB Pathway.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Article
- Pharmacological intervention of the HMGB1-pCTS-L axis to ameliorate inflammatory diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- PBX1 promotes osteoporosis by upregulating HMGB1 to suppress osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Article
- HMGB1-Induced Neurite Outgrowth in the Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons and Regeneration Priming after their Axonal Injury by Sciatic Nerve Crush.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2025Article
- MiR-216a-5p protects against high glucose-induced HMC injury by targeting the HMGB1/RAGE signaling pathway.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Updates on the Role of Innate Immunity's Pattern Recognition Receptors in Vitiligo Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Potential.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2025Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is expressed in almost all human cells. During cell activation and cell death, the nucleoprotein HMGB1 can translocate to the extracellular space, thus mediating the early inflammatory response as an alarmin or damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP). Extracellular HMGB1 interacts with immune cells by binding to pattern recognition Toll-like receptors (TLRs), including TLR2 and TLR4, and the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), thus mediating the immune response to protect the host against pathogens and maintain immune balance. HMGB1 is reportedly upregulated and is a critical biomarker for monitoring disease activity in several chronic inflammatory or autoimmune disorders, including multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, systemic lupus erythematosus and vitiligo. Additionally, the inhibition of HMGB1 expression or its activity has beneficial effects on disease activity in animal models of autoimmune diseases. Thus, HMGB1 is an indispensable biomarker and an important therapeutic target for autoimmune diseases. This review provides a detailed summary of the biological function of HMGB1 and provides a comprehensive outlook in terms of HMGB-focused diagnostic and therapeutic applications in autoimmune skin diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.