ReviewCambridge prisms. Precision medicine2025
The challenges and opportunities of applying tumour mutational burden analysis to precision cancer medicine.
Review in Cambridge prisms. Precision medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Identification of pyroptosis-related molecular subtypes and development of a subtype-derived six-gene prognostic signature for bladder cancer.Translational andrology and urology · 2026Article
- Comprehensive analysis of cuproptosis-related lncRNAs in immunotherapy response and prognosis in papillary thyroid cancer.Gland surgery · 2026Article
- Precision immuno-oncology in oral cancer: latest trends in biomarkers, novel drug development and nanoparticle-based therapeutic platforms.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Peripheral blood biomarkers in PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy: distinguishing predictive from prognostic biomarkers.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
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Abstract
The discovery and development of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has revolutionised the management of human cancers. However, only a subset of patients responds to ICI therapy, even though immune evasion is a hallmark of cancer. Initially, treatment was administered to patients on the basis of expression levels of one of the targets of ICI therapy, programmed cell death ligand 1. In clinical trials, the high response rate of melanoma and non-small cell lung cancer patients to ICI therapy supported the basic premise of cancer immunotherapy, that tumour-specific mutated proteins trigger an immune response. Tumour mutational burden subsequently emerged as a potential biomarker for response to ICI therapy. This review summarises the evidence supporting the scientific rationale for TMB as a biomarker for ICI therapy and focuses on some of the major challenges associated with incorporation of TMB into routine clinical practice.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.