Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40308144›Full record

ReviewPhilosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences2025

Integrating culture into primate conservation.

Patricia Izar, Erica van de Waal, Martha M Robbins

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Social learning and culture in birds: emerging patterns and relevance to conservation.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025
    Review
  3. The flexibility of social learning and its conservation implications in mammals and beyond.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025
    Review
  4. Concerted conservation actions to support chimpanzee cultures.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025
    Review
  5. Animal culture: conservation in a changing world.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025
    Article
  6. Integrating culture into primate conservation.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Integrating space, time, and culture in animal conservation practice.Behavioral ecology : official journal of the International Society for Behavioral Ecology
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Patricia IzarDepartment of Experimental Psychology, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-030, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0001-6741-0731
Erica van de WaalDepartment of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0001-7778-418X
Martha M RobbinsDepartment of Primate Behavior and Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.

Funding

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e TecnológicoFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São PauloHORIZON EUROPE Culture, Creativity and Inclusive societyMax Plank Society
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Primates exhibit the richest cultural repertoire among animal taxa, spanning foraging, communication, sociality and tool use. Understanding the cultural behaviours of primates has strongly influenced the study of animal behaviour and challenged traditional views that culture is exclusive to humans. With nearly 60% of primate species endangered owing to human-driven habitat changes, recent calls have emerged to integrate cultural diversity into conservation strategies. However, the integration of culture into primate conservation requires careful planning to avoid misallocation of resources or skewed conservation priorities. Our review reveals that studies on primate culture are limited to less than 3% of extant species, largely owing to taxonomic and methodological biases favouring long-term observations in protected habitats. We propose that including culture in conservation policies can broaden the scope of research, fostering more inclusive conservation agendas that address taxa with diverse habitats and underexplored cultural traits. Furthermore, anthropogenic habitat changes can both erode and foster cultural behaviours, emphasizing the need for context-specific conservation strategies. We suggest that recognizing cultural traits in conservation frameworks may enhance the resilience of primate populations in changing environments. This approach promises a more comprehensive and equitable allocation of conservation efforts, preserving both the biological and cultural diversity of primates.This article is part of the theme issue 'Animal culture: conservation in a changing world'.

Indexed as

Behavior, AnimalConservation of Natural ResourcesCulturePrimatesSocial BehaviorAnimalsEcosystemHumansapesbehavioural plasticitycross-site comparisoncultural evolutionhuman-induced habitat changemonkeys

Identifiers

PMID40308144
PMCPMC12044375

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.